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Jan 1, 1300
The start of the renaissance – 1300s
Renaissance was the period known as “rebirth” that started in Italy. It was also marked the beginning of the modern era. According to Horowitz, Burckhardt claimed "the Italian Renaissance must be called the mother of our modern age". The new ideas of humanism, trade, government, and arts were developed in Renaissance. For example, historians discovered many old manuscripts and the invention of printing. These old manuscripts were from Rome and Greek; it gave us the idea of how the period like. -
Jan 1, 1348
Giovanni Boccaccio
He was Italian writer who composed music and wrote books. He also a humanist and one of the founders of renaissance. He wrote his first poem, Caccia di Diana, in 1334.The most famous work by Giovanni Boccaccio was the Decameron, in which ten individuals fleeing from the plague into the countryside tell stories. Florence was where he witnessed the terrible plague that described in the introduction of his masterpiece. Giovanni Boccaccio also conducted a series of Divine Comedy by Dante. -
Period: Jan 1, 1348 to Jan 1, 1350
The Black Death
It was Bubonic Plague that caused by pasteurella pestis. It was also the worst plague experienced in Renaissance period. There were two types of reaction from the people. One concerned were Non-Jewish people believed that the Jews had caused the death of Christian by poisoning the water sources. The majority of populations were believed the main reason is rat. And the fleas on rats infected the humans. The plague swept quickly throughout Europe along trade routes. -
Jan 1, 1411
Donatello
He was Italian sculptor. His work was noted for its versatility in conveying human drama. Heroic nude, David, is one of Donatello’s masterpiece sculptures. David’s nudity represented the ideals of heavenly love. His two commissions for the Medici family were created David for Medici’s son and one bronze statue of Judith and Holofernes for Medici’s courtyard. -
Jan 1, 1429
Cosimo de Medici
HHe was Italian merchant and banker. After his dad’s death, he followed the family’s commercial and financial practices. He used his money to keep his adherents in the government. When he held office, he reformed the system of taxation He collected manuscripts of ancient writer The growing accessibility of the materials of scholarship and the persuasion of Greek scholars was always a gracious host, inspired Cosimo to found the Platonic Academy, an institution for the translation of Plato's works -
Jan 1, 1430
Johannes Gutenberg
He was the German inventor. He invented the moveable type printing process allowed for the first mass production of books, letters, and other written documents. His idea to make printer were casting, punch-cutting, and stamping, so he created a font consisting of 300 characters, and to create multiple pages. His early printed works was the calendar of 1445. With his printer, 30,000 titles had been published. -
Period: Jan 1, 1486 to Jan 1, 1490
Albrecht Durer
He was German painter. One of his works on oil-on-panel painting was Adam and Eve in 1507. After he left Italy because of the plague, he created design woodcuts in German style. Dürer published a series of 15 woodcuts, the Apocalypse, which represents the highest achievement of German graphic art in that medium and which had a dramatic message to impart on the eve of the Protestant Reformation. Master Engravings Knight, Death, and the Devil (1513), St. Jerome in His Study (1514). -
Jan 1, 1499
Sir Thomas More
He was English Humanist. He established as a leader among the group of humanist who activities in London. After becoming friend with Erasmus, he started his first literary work. His famous novel was Utopia which was most controversial work. After he resigned from under-sheriff, Henry VIII was consulted More on his proposed divorce trial with Catherine of Aragon; He became influential in government. -
Jan 1, 1500
Desiderius Erasmus
He was a Dutch scholar and humanist. He was well educated and practice scholasticism which led him to became a humanist. He made his first mark as a humanist by publishing Adagia, a collection of Greek proverb. Erasmus's editions were his critical edition of the Greek New Testament. Erasmus's Greek New Testament is best known as the source for Martin Luther's German translation of the Bible and, through a French translation of it, the King James Version. He was known for his criticism. -
Period: Jan 1, 1503 to Jan 1, 1506
Leonando Da Vinci
He was Florentine painter and sculptor. Da Vinci’s first independent commission was to paint an altarpiece for the Chapel of St. Bernard in the Palazzo Vecchio in January 1478. One of his famous paintings was Mona Lisa. He was also known for using perspective in Last Supper Christ. He was hired as a chief military engineering after he drew a map of Imola.
11. Raphael - 1504-1508He was the Italian painter and architect. As considering one of the finest painters in town, he became PerImola. -
Period: Jan 1, 1504 to Jan 1, 1508
Raphael
He was the Italian painter and architect. As considering one of the finest painters in town, he became Perugino's apprentice in Perugia. Raphael developed his own unique painting style in the, Mond Crucifixion, the religious works. After he left Perugino and moved to Florentine, Raphael produced a series of ‘Madonna” He had been working on his largest painting on canvas, The Transfiguration at the time of his death. -
Jan 1, 1513
Machiavelli
He was a Florentine political philosopher. As a chancellor, his duties consisted chiefly of executing the policy decisions of others. After the Medici family came back to power, he was dismissed and jailed. He then wrote The Prince, which he shared with Renaissance humanists a passion for classical antiquity. Machiavelli's chief innovation was to break with this long tradition and to confer autonomy upon politics. -
Jan 1, 1528
Baldassare Castiglione
He was an Italian author and diplomat. Book of the courtier was Castiglione’s huge success book. The book had translated to different languages such as Spanish. English, French, and German, and had forty editions in 16th century alone. Dignified, melancholy, and idealistic, Castiglione tended not only to soften society's rough edges but also to avoid thorny practical and moral issues. Only a modest poet in both Italian and Latin, Castiglione wrote a fine sonnet that published in 1760. -
William Shakespeare
He was an actor, poet, and playwright. His first poem was Venus and Adonis. He became a dramatist in 1598. He was known for writer of comedy and tragedy. His turning point was the outbreak of the plague, but his works remain well-known for dramatic skill and technique through the century. One of his most famous plays was Romeo and Juliet which wrote in sonnet with rhyme scheme. -
The end of renaissance 1600s
The end of renaissance was the beginning of the Age of Enlightenment which was the period of developing science, religious, and politic. The field in science such as anatomy, physic, chemistry were expanding and developing. Journals and encyclopedias multiplied their influence as means whereby scientists could exchange information and assist one another in their experimentation. The tradition politics were getting away, and the new idea of liberty, equality, and fraternity began.
