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Period: 2686 BCE to 2649 BCE
Djoser
The founder of the Old Kingdom. He is best known for his contribution of the famous Step Pyramid at Saqqara. It was made to protect the tomb of Pharaoh Djoser. The structure was completed by Imhotep after Djoser's death. -
Period: 2589 BCE to 2566 BCE
Khufu
His reign is not described by many historical texts, but his greatest contribution was the Great Pyramid of Giza.The pyramid is made of limestone and mud bricks and was built as a mortuary structure for the pharaoh Khufu -
Period: 1507 BCE to 1458 BCE
Hatshepsut
Hatshepsut was the most successful female pharaoh. She was made pharaoh after her husband died, creating routes for foreign trade, and accomplishing many construction projects. -
Period: 1481 BCE to 1425 BCE
Thutmose III
Thutmose was the stepson of Hatshepsut, and when his father died, he was only two years of age, so his stepmother toke over Egypt. After her death, Thutmose contributed to the Egyptian civilization greatly. He is known as the "Napoleon of Egypt" because he had a wide list of various military achievements and accomplishments. He also expanded the Egyptian kingdom greatly and contributed to construction sites, -
Period: 1391 BCE to 1353 BCE
Amenhotep III
His rule is remembered as one of artistic glory and prosperity. He had a large impact on the economy of Egypt which continued to grow because of the healthy trade relations. Amenhotep III gave a lot to the field of art by building many monuments.He is credited as pharaoh with the greatest amount of his own statues. -
Period: 1380 BCE to 1334 BCE
Akhenaten
He wasn't very popular with the people due to the reformations that took place. He had changed the tradition of the Egyptian gods to monotheism, which means the worship of one god. The god that he choose was Aten. Because of this, the people removed him from the list of kings, and no trace of him was found until the discovery of his remains at Akhetaten. His son, Tutankhamun, later reversed the religious forms back to normal. -
Period: 1341 BCE to 1323 BCE
Tutankhamun
The most famous pharaoh of all time. Tutankhamun introduced many religious reforms during his time. He was pharaoh at the age of nine or ten, but died around the age of twenty. -
Period: 1303 BCE to 1213 BCE
Ramesses II
He was the one of the greatest pharaohs of the New Kingdom, and the Egyptians often call him the "Great Ancestor." He had a victorious military career that was very beneficial to the New Kingdom. He defeated many enemies as the Hittites, Syrians, and Nubians. he built many monuments across Egypt, and was buried in the Valley of the Kings. -
Period: 519 BCE to 465 BCE
Xerxes I
Known as Xerxes the Great, he is well known for his attempted invasion of Greece in the Battle of Thermopylae. Afterwards, he was defeated at the Battle of Salamis, leading him to flee his kingdom. He was know known as a Persian leader and a pharaoh during the time span that he ruled over Egypt. He was also assassinated by his own commander of the royal bodyguard forces. -
Period: 69 BCE to 30 BCE
Cleopatra VII
The kingdom of Egypt prospered under her reign when different reforms were introduced to improve the Egyptian economy. Her foreign relations, personal and political, were very beneficial to the kingdom, which led to foreign trading. She committed suicide at the age of 39, and after her death, the Egyptian Empire came to an end.