Afghans And The Sultanate Of Delhi

Jalaluddin Khilji (1290- 1320)

1290

Jalaluddin Khilji was a very experienced and wise ruler. He defeated the Mongols led my Hulagu Khan's Grandson. He was fair and a just ruler.

Alauddin Khillji (1296-1316)

1296

Alauddin Khilji was a very intelligent ruler. He made an army to defend the kingdom from The Rajputs and Mongols. He aslo controlled the prices of food items and fixed the taxes.

Sultan Muhammad Tughlaq (1325-51)

1325

After the Khiljis came the Tughlaqs. Sultan Muhammad Tughlaq was said to be a controversial ruler. He was very intelligent, he had mastered logic, philosophy, mathematics and astronomy. His ideas were ahead of his time. He extended the frontiers of his Kingdom furrther across the subcontinent. Some of his ideas failed for example he issued token currency in copper. This experiment was a failure as people started to make copper coins in their homes and exchanged them for silver.

CHANGE OF CAPITAL TO DAULATABAD

1327

In 1327, Muhammad Tughlaq decided to change his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad in Upper Deccan. He felt his large empire would be easy to control from there. While they were on their way many people died too. Delhi was having lack of resources and Daulatabad coudn't handle the population because of lack of fresh water supply. These unsuccessful experiments made Muhammad Tughlaq very angry and he used to punish his officials for not carrying out his plans accordingly.

Ibn Batuta

1333

Ibn Batuta was a Morrocan traveller. He came to India in the year 1333. He had started his travels form the age of 21 and had journeyed through Africa and Asia. He trained as Qazi (Judge) and stayed at the Tughlaq court for seven years as the chief Qazi. He had left an account of Muhammad Tughlaq's reign, which states that he used to refer to Muhammad Tughlaq as ' the most humble of men and one who is inclined towards doing what is right and just.'

Feroz Shah Tuhglaq (1351-88)

1351

Feroz Tughlaq was Muhammad Tughlaq'a cousin. He became the next Sultan. He looked after the people's welfare. He opened colleges and places of learning next to the mosques. Feroz Tughlaq started irrigation by farmlands and had canals dug to improve agriculture and the life of peasant. He also was a master builder. he constructed many buildings, towns, mosques and palaces.

Timur's Invasion

1398

Timur was a Turk and Mongol lineage. He was a brilliant military leader and the head of Chagtai Turks. In 1398, Timur stood at the gates of Delhi and routed the army of Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah Tughlaq. His soldiers plundered Delhi for three days . Timur's invasion left India devastated. He took Indian artians and craftsmen back with him to Samarkand, which grew into a beautiful city. The Sultanate lost its power and broke into many small states, for the Sayyids and Lodhis.

Bahlol Lodhi (1451-1489)

1451

After the Tughlaq dynasty cam the Sayyids the ruled from 1414- 1450. In 1451 the Sultanat was taken over by Bahlol Lodhi. He was also the founder of the Lodhi Dynasty. He was a good and just ruler. Balol Lofhi also expanded his kingdom to niclude the Punjab, Mewar and the Ganges- Yamuna Doab further east. He died in 1489 and was succeeded by his son Sikander.

Sikander Lodhi (1489-1517)

1489

Sikander Lodhi was believed to be the most capable, harworking and the wisest ruler to ever rule The Delhi Sultanate. He worked hard at improving he lot of the common people. He encouraged the compilation fo books, medicine, Ma'adan-ul-Shifa and music too.During his rule many reform movements took place like he Bhakti Movement. Sikander Lodhi died in 1517 and is buried in the Lodhi Gardens in Delhi.

Ibrahim Lodhi (1517-26)

1517

Ibrahim Lodhi was the son of Sikander Lodhi and the last Sultans of Delhi. He had to face rebellions from his governors in Bihar and Punjab, and the Rajputs and Rana Sanga of Mewar. These invasions weakened his rule over the Sultanate. he also tried to punish Daulat Khan, the governor of Punjab. In April 1526 Babur's army faced Ibrahim Lodhi's men and by the end of the day Ibrahim Lodhi wa defeated and killed in the battle. The Delhi Sultanate eventually came to an end.