The Worlds of Islam

Birth of Muhammad

570

Muhammad was born in Mecca to a noble Quraysh family. His birth is significant because he became the prophet of Islam.

Muhammad goes to Yathrib

622

Muhammad went to Yathrib which is also known as Medina with his followers and Islam was accepted there. This marked the emigration of Islam and it established the state.

Muhammad's Death

Jun 8, 632

Muhammad developed a sickness while he was in Medina which resulted in his death. Muhammad's death began the Caliph rule of Islam.

Death of Husayn

Oct 10, 680

Husayn was decapitated at the battle of Karbala in Iraq.His death marked the beginning of the "party of Ali" or Shi' at Ali.

Muslims enter Peninsula

711

Muslims entered Spain in the West and India in the East. This event helped Islam gain control of almost the whole Iberian Peninsula.

Muslims are defeated

732

Muslims battled France at the Battle of Tours in Poitiers and they were defeated by the Frankish army. This halted Islamic conquests and it preserved Christianity as Europe's religion.

Baghdad becomes the Capital

754

Abbasid beat Umayyid which caused Baghdad to become the new capital of the Abbasid Empire. The location of Baghdad was very significant and it helped connect the dynasty with the Persian culture.

Buyids invade Baghdad

945

The Buyids invaded Baghdad and took over forcing Caliph to be under their authority. This was significant because it marked the beginning of the Buyid Dynasty.

Seige of Jerusalem

1099

The Christian crusaders took Jerusalem from the Muslims. This ended Muslim resistance to Europeans.

Sack of Baghdad

1258

Mongols arrived in Baghdad and after ten days Baghdad was
crushed. This event marked the end of the Islamic Golden Age.