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Period: Jan 1, 622 to Jan 1, 630
Bibliography
Administrator. "WorldOfIslam." Timeline: Prophet Muhammad. World of Islam, 26 Oct. 2005. Web. 24 Feb. 2013. "The Battle Khaybar." The Battle Khaybar - The Battle of Khaybar Information. Joul, n.d. Web. 24 Feb. 2013. Bilgrami, Sayed. "Truce of Hudaibiya." Truce of Hudaibiya. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2013. "Timetoast Timelines." Create Timelines! N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Feb. 2013. -
Period: Jan 1, 622 to Jan 1, 630
Conclusion
To conclude I have learned many things from the way the Prophet (PBUH) lived and acted in certain circumstances. He worked around many obstacles. The years after the Hijra, Muhammed thought stratigically for the better of Islam. In Mecca he mostly tried to preach Islam in secret and focused on strengthening people faith while the period in Medina was focused on spreading Islam and teaching. This shows how patience is valued and how you have to think about the future as well as the present. -
Feb 24, 622
Migration to Medina
During 622, Muhammad and hundreds of his followers left the city of Mecca and traveled to Yathrib, this was the town where his father was buried. The leaders of this town were struggling during a terrible civil war, they wanted the Prophet there since they knew he was a very wise man and he could be good help. After a while, Yathrib was known as the city of the Prohet, Madina. Muhammad stayed there for the next six years, this was his first community of Muslims which became larger over time. -
Feb 24, 624
Battle of Badr
At the wells of Badr, the Muslims and the Meccans met for battle. The Muslims were outnumbered by the Meccans 3 to 1. The battle began with an Arab tradition where each side sends out warriors to fight each other. Ali, the Prophet’s son-in-law and cousin, Hamza, the Prophet’s uncle, and Ubayda, a companion of the Prophet from his clan, represented the Muslims and defeated the Meccan warriors. The battle then began and ended with a decisive victory for the Muslims. -
Feb 24, 624
Quranic Verse (Battle of Badr)
Allah had helped you at Badr, when ye were a contemptible little force; then fear Allah; thus may ye show your gratitude. Remember thou saidst to the Faithful: Is it not enough for you that Allah should help you with three thousand angels (specially) sent down? “Yea”? if ye remain firm, and act aright, even if the enemy should rush here on you in hot haste, your Lord would help you with five thousand angels making a terrific onslaught. -
Feb 24, 624
Explanation to Quranic Verse
This victory was important in Islamic history because it gave the Muslims a boost in morale. They saw this victory as a sign from God. This view was further supported by verses in the Qur’an. In these verses, the Muslims were told that their victory was a result of God’s intervention, sending thousands of angels to fight with the Muslims. This battle was also significant because it established the Muslims as a formidable force in Arabia. -
Mar 31, 625
Battle of Uhud
The Qureshites were unwilling to admit a final defeat. The Qureshites mobilized for the battle three thousand fighters. The Quraysh marched towards Medina to annihilate the Muslims. The Meccan army arrived at the area of Ohod which is five miles away from Medina. There, the battle took place. The Prophet deployed 50 archers at the slope of Mount Uhud and ordered them to not move, no matter what the consequence may be, even if the Muslims were winning. -
Mar 31, 625
Battle of Uhud: Quranic Verse (Part 2)
Behold ye were climbing up (the high ground) without casting a side glance at anyone, and the Apostle was calling you back. There did God give you one distress after another by way of requital, to teach you not to grieve for what ye miss, or for (the ill) that had befallen you. For God is well aware of all that ye do. [Quran 3:151-52] -
Mar 31, 625
Battle of Uhud: Quranic Verse (Part 1)
God certainly made good His promise unto you when you routed them by His leave, until the moment when your courage failed you and ye disobeyed after He had showed that for which ye long. Among you are some that hanker after this world and some that desire the Hereafter. Then did He divert you from your foes in order to test you. But He forgave you. For God is full of grace to those who believe. -
Mar 31, 625
Battle of Uhud: The Defeat
The Muslims undertook an offensive led by Ali, Al-Hamzah, etc. The Islamic offensive forced the pagan army to flee and leave their camps.This scene tempted the archers at the slope of the Mount of Uhud. Most of these marksmen left their place and joined the collectors of the spoils.
Noticing the small number of marksmen, the pagans came back to the battle while the Muslims were preoccupied collecting spoils. Confused and shocked, the Muslims fleed from the battle despite Muhammad's (SAW)'s calls -
Mar 31, 627
Battle of the Trench: A Miracle
(An unbreakable rock): The Prophet's first blow broke off a third of the rock and sent sparks flying. ‘Glory to Allah! I have been given the keys of Syria. By Allah, I see its red castles, if Allah wills.’ He struck at the rock and another third broke off. ‘Glory to Allah. I have been given the keys of Persia and, by Allah, I see the white castles of al-Mada’in. With his third blow, the rest of the rock shattered. 'Glory to Allah! I have been given the keys to Yemen. I now see the gates of Sanaa -
Mar 31, 627
Battle of the Trench: Victory
After 20 days of the Muslims being besieged by the Clans, Banu Quraydhah went on the opposing side. the Prophet (pbuh) prayed to Allah to help the Muslims defeat their enemies. That night a sandstorm blew up which buried the tents of Quraysh. The storm made it impossible for the enemies to survive in the winter. The Prophet (pbuh) asked one of his men, Hudhayfah Ibn al-Yaman, to spy on Abu Sufyan. He crossed the trench and overheard them agreeing to leave. -
Mar 31, 627
Battle of the Trench: Quranic Verse
Allah (SWT) says in the Quran: 'When they came against you from above you and from below you, and when your eyes swerved and your hearts reached your throats, and you thought thoughts about Allah; there it was that the believers were tried, and shaken most mightily.' (33: 11) -
Mar 31, 627
Battle of the Trench: Digging the Trench
An alliance was formed between the Quraysh, the Jews, and the Ghatafan against the Muslims. The Quraysh had to gather four thousand fighters and the Ghatafan six thousand, making ten thousand in all. This vast army was to be commanded by Abu Sufyan ibn Harb. The Muslims' army, on the other hand, numbered less than three thousand, so Salman al-Farsi (a Persian) suggested that a ditch should be dug around the city for protection.The Muslims dug, although it was the middle of winter. -
Apr 1, 630
Conquest of Makkah
Prophet Muhammad decided to take an army of 10,000 towards Mecca. Once the Muslims had reached Mecca, the leaders of Quraysh surrendered. As a result the Prophet Muhammad announced: "Those who shelter in the Ka’ba are safe; those who shelter in the house of Abu Sufyan are safe, and those who remain confined to their houses are also safe." He announced clemency for everyone in Mecca who no longer wished to fight the Muslims. -
Apr 1, 630
Conquest of Makkah: Aftermath
The Prophet (SAW) said: "This day no reproach shall be on you. God will forgive you; He is the Most Merciful of the Merciful. You can go away!" Many of the Meccans, who were expecting some sort of punishment, were surprised by the Prophet’s statement and some decided to become Muslim. Thus, the conquest of Mecca was bloodless and ended years of warfare and violence between Quraysh and the Muslims. -
Hudaybiyyah Treaty: Background
the Prophet (SAW) left Madinah for Makkah to perform `Umrah. with some of his companions. However, as soon as they arrived at Hudaybiyyah, the Quraysh prevented entry of the Muslims. The Prophet (SAW) explained that he did not mean to do anything other than to make a pilgrimage to the Ka'bah and that he meant to return home after completing his pilgrimage. The Quraysh disagreed. The Muslims demanded to enter Makkah by force, but the Prophet refused in order not to show disrespect for the Ka'bah. -
Hudaybiyyah Treaty: Terms (Valid for 10 years)
- The Muslims shall return this year without performing Umrah (the pilgrimage). In the coming year, you may enter it with your companions, staying therein for three days, bearing no arms except the arms of the traveler.
- If a Quraysh person comes to Muhammad (i.e., after accepting Islam) without the permission of his guardian, Muhammad shall return him to them, but if one of the Muhammad’s people come to the Quraysh, he shall not be returned.
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Hudaibiyyah Treaty: Disapproval
- The Propet's name in the treaty was displayed as 'Muhammad, son of Abdullah' and not 'Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah'
- The Muslims did not see the second term as fair. It angered them. (especially Umar Bin Al-Khattab). Overall, many of the Muslims were not satisfied with the terms of the treaty and they regarded it to be humiliating to themselves, considering the behavior of the Quraish against the Prophet during the negotiations. The Prophet declared the treaty a victory.
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Hudaiybiyyah Treaty: Victory
The victory revealed shortly after the truce. The Muslims now openly and freely calle people to Islam and preach the faith. And within two years double the number of people entered Islam ever before. When Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam) returned back from al-Hudaibiyah, he had only 1,400-1,500 companions but when he returned back to liberate Makkah after two years, he had with him 10,000 men. -
Battle of Khaybar: Ali's Victory
When Ali (radiallahu 'anhu) came near the fort which was undefeated by many Muslims (led by Umar & Abu Bakr), Marhab, the Jew appeared on his horse protected by armor and shield, reciting a poem about his valor. Ali imposed himself upon Marhab and both fell upon each other swinging their scimitars. Ali's sword plunged first into Marhab slicing through his helmet and head until his face was divided into two equal parts. Ali had succeeded in reducing the fort. -
Battle of Khaybar: Quranic Verse
“Allah was well pleased with the believers when they swore allegiance unto thee beneath the tree, and He knew what was in their hearts, and He sent down peace of reassurance on them, and hath rewarded them with a near victory. And much booty that they will capture, Allah is ever Mighty, Wise.” [Qur'an 48:18-19] -
Battle of Khaybar
The Muslims learnt that the Jews in Khaibar were planning to make an inroad on Medina. To counter these moves, the Muslims marched on Khaibar, with 1600 men, and reached the enemy territory before dawn on the fourth morning. The two armies met at first at Natat and fought each other strongly. When Sullam, the chief of the Jews was killed, Harith bin Abu Zaynab took over the leadership, and charged from the fortress of Naim, but he was soon repulsed. Five strongholds at Khaybar were defeated.
