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Period: 570 to Jan 1, 632
Muhammad's Life
Muhammah was born in 570 in Mecca. After a visitation by the angel Gaberial, he recieved revelation from Allah. He spent his life preaching about these revelations. The religion, he founded was Islam and the revelation were written in the Koran. Before, his death in 632, Islam was beginning to spread throughtout the Arab pennisula. -
Jan 1, 632
Abu Bakr becomes Caliph
Abu Bakr, Muhammad's father-in-law, became first caliph (successor) after Muhammad died. He suppressed factional enemies, by unifying the Arabs by using the razzia. These turned into jhads to expand Muslim territory. They were motived to do this by their Zeal coming from their common faith.
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Period: Jan 1, 636 to Jan 1, 650
The Muslim armies get Fertile Cresent
Muslim armies took over the Fertile Crescent, expanding the empire. Abu Bakr was successed by Umar as caliph and then Uthman became caliph after him. In 650, Uthman had the Qu'ran written down. -
Jan 1, 656
Ali becomes the 4th Caliph
Ali became the 4th caliph succeeded by Mu'awyia. Mu'awyia made the caliphate hereditary in his family establishing the Umayyad caliphate. The capital was moved to Damascus.
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Jan 1, 732
Battle of Poitiers
The Battle of Poitiers, also known as the Battle of Tours ended the Muslim advancement into Western Europe. The Muslims retreated from France and never came back with such force.
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Jan 1, 750
End of the Umayyad, establish of the Abbasid dynasty
The Umayyad dynasty ended when a descendent of Muhammad over threw it, establishing the Abbasid dynasty. In 762, the capital was moved from Damascus to Baghdad. Abbasid dynasty brought prosperity, interaction with other cultures and expantion into the Roman Empire. Caliph became wealither and treated more like kings.
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Jan 1, 1055
Turks invade and take Baghdad
The empire had weakened and the Turks invaded from central Asia and took Baghdad. Turkish leaders held the little suitan.
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Jan 1, 1071
Turks defeat Byzantine Empire
In 1071, The Byzantine Empire fell to the Turks.
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Jan 1, 1250
The Mogols
The Mogols seized Baghdad. This ended the Abbasid dynasty.
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Work Cited
"Timeline of Islam." - ReligionFacts. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Apr. 2014. Duiker, William J., and Jackson J. Spielvogel. The Essential World History. Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005. Print. -
Beginning of the Shi'ite Party
Alli's son, Hussein and his supporters defeated Umayyad rule. They disputed the Umayyad rights to be Caliphs. Hussein and his followers became known as the Shi'ites. They believed that only descendents of Muhammad should be caliphs. Sunni Muslim believed caliphs should be elected by Muslim leaders.
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Period: to Jan 1, 705
Arabic becomes the offical language and Arab coinage is established
Arabic became the offical language of Muslims and Arab coinage is established with further unify the emperor.
