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Formative Years
At 21 Pierre Duhem enrolled in the institution, Ecole Normale Supérieure. Duhem would write 1 thesis in physics, on thermodynamic potential in 1884-85, “Le potentiel thermodynamique et ses applications à la mécanique chimique et à l’étude des phénomènes électriques.” It was rejected for seemingly political reasons. He then wrote in support of an applied mathematic thesis, on the theory of magnetization by induction, “Sur l’aimantation par influence,” earning his doctorate in 1888. (Ariew 2018) -
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The Professor
Pierre became the Maitre de Conférences at the Faculté des Sciences at Lille in October 1887. From 1887 to 1894 he wrote 6 books from hydrodynamics to physical chemistry. After a disagreement with the Dean of Lilles, Duhem requested a transfer. He moved to Rennes, he remained for only 1 year. (Ariew 2018)
During his years as a professor he approached his classes with the “Newtonian Method.” This experience would later lead to his biggest contribution to the philosophy of science. (Crowe 1999) -
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Final Stop, Bordeaux
After leaving Rennes, he left for Bordeaux. He believed it would lead to him be asked to teach in Paris. Pierre remained in Bordeaux until his death. During this time Duhem advanced the history of science during the Middle Ages, which at the time contributions had been viewed as insignificant and marginal at best. (Ariew 2018) It was in 1906 however, that Duhem would publish, “Aim and Structure of Physical Theory.” This would be his great contribution to the philosophy of science. (Crowe 1999) -
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Influence from the Afterlife
Duhem’s work would be influential for W.V.O. Quine. Quine argued reductionism, crediting Duhem’s work. Quine’s reference to Duhem formed two sub-theses: (1) since empirical statements are interconnected, they cannot be singly disconfirmed, and (2), if we wish to hold a particular statement true we can always adjust another statement, has become known as the Duhem-Quine thesis. (Ariew 2018)
Check out: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=E6Qqv91CkDo&list=PLpMuFbo2NGat3lQE_WFPcTeUsiA9XGB7H&index=4&t=0s