Music

Fall of the Roman Empire

476

By 476, Rome wielded negligible military, political, or financial power, and had no effective control over the scattered Western domains that could still be described as Roman. Barbarian kingdoms had established their own power in much of the area of the Western Empire. In 476, the Germanic barbarian king Odoacer deposed the last emperor of the Western Roman Empire in Italy, Romulus Augustulus, and the Senate sent the imperial insignia to the Eastern Roman Emperor Flavius Zeno.

Medieval Period

Period: 476 to 1492

The medieval period that began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and transitioned into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery.
Until the late Medieval period, most Medieval music took the form of monophonic chant.
In the medieval age musical notation and neumes emerged, which created pneumatic notation, but it became square notation.

Pre-Islamic Arabia

610

Some of the settled communities developed into distinctive civilizations. Information about these communities is limited and has been pieced together from archaeological evidence, accounts written outside of Arabia, and Arab oral traditions which were later recorded by Islamic historians. Among the most prominent civilizations were the Thamud civilization, which arose around 3000 BCE and lasted to around 300 CE.

Charlemagne

800

Charlemagne was the eldest son of Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon. He was born before their canonical marriage.[4] He became king of the Franks in 768 following his father's death, and was initially co-ruler with his brother Carloman I until the latter's death in 771.[5] As sole ruler, he continued his father's policy towards protection of the papacy and became its sole defender, removing the Lombards from power in northern Italy and leading an incursion into Muslim Spain.

Feudalism

900

One of the most characteristic systems of the Middle Ages is feudalism. Its origin is in the "contracts" that the emperors made with lords and governors of the different territories of the Empire, because given its vastness it was difficult to control. These in turn "hired" others, for example gentlemen.

Western schism

1054

What maintained the essence of Rome for centuries after its fall was Christianity, represented in the Church, whose primacy was held by the pope in Rome. Christianity, by assuming the classical Greco-Latin tradition, constituted what we know as European ecumene, that is, that cultural unit that makes up Europe beyond the territorial sense.

Gregorian Reform

1073

In the middle of the Middle Ages, the Western Church celebrated a thousand years of existence and, looking back, some popes such as Leo IX and Gregory VII realized that in many ecclesial spheres the supernatural purpose of the Church had been abandoned and they had given themselves over to the temporary goods.

First universities

1085

The fruits of the Gregorian Reform were of great importance for Europe, marking a before and after in what we know as the Middle Ages. The greater independence of the clergy resulted in the Cluny and Cistercian reforms and the appearance of mendicant orders such as Franciscans or Dominicans, in addition to allowing a great cultural exchange throughout Christendom fostered by the freedom and legal independence of the clergy.

Ars Antiqua

1170

Ars antiqua, also called ars veterum or ars vetus, is a term used by modern scholars to refer to the Medieval music of Europe during the High Middle Ages, between approximately 1170 and 1310. This covers the period of the Notre-Dame school of polyphony (the use of multiple, simultaneous, independent melodic lines), and the subsequent years which saw the early development of the motet, a highly varied choral musical composition.

Guillaume de Machaut

1300

Guillaume de Machaut was a medieval French clergyman, poet, and composer. His projection was enormous and he is historically the maximum representative of the movement known as Ars nova, being considered the most famous composer of the 14th century. He contributed to the development of the motet and secular song.

Motet

1300

The word Motet is a piece of music for a church service sung by a choir without using any instruments. The words are usually in Latin. If the words are written in English for the Anglican church, it is called an anthem.
Motets have been written since the Middle Ages. Medieval motets often had very complex rhythms. The tenor often had the tune, which might be a folk tune, and two voices would put quite complicated accompaniments on top.

Ars Nova

1310

Ars nova (Latin for new art) refers to a musical style which flourished in the Kingdom of France and its surroundings during the Late Middle Ages. More particularly, it refers to the period between the preparation of the Roman de Fauvel (1310s) and the death of composer Guillaume de Machaut in 1377. The term is sometimes used more generally to refer to all European polyphonic music of the fourteenth century.

Chrome

1320

The chrome is an instrument of the Renaissance. woodwind melodic.

Francesco Landini

1325

Francesco Landini or Landino was an Italian composer, organist, singer, poet, instrument maker, and astrologer. He was one of the most famous and admired composers of the second half of the 14th century and without a doubt the most famous composer in Italy.

Hundred years war

1337

The war would last a total of 116 years, thus going through much of the Middle Ages. The victory would be for the Valois, thanks to which both crowns will remain separate. Shortly after, in 1455, in England two factions related to the house of Plantagenet fought for the throne: the York dynasty and the Lancaster dynasty.

Guillaume de Machaut

1377

He dead in 1377

Estern schism

1378

After the popes spent a few years in Avignon (France) due to pressure from France and instability in the city of Rome, a conclave was called in 1378 to elect a new pope. The place of the election will be the Basilica of San Pedro, where the cardinals were imprisoned by the people and attacked to elect an Italian pope and to remain in Rome. Despite the situation and the flight of many cardinals, Urban VI was elected.

Francesco Landini

1397

He dead in 1397

Johannes Gutenberg

1400

He was a German inventor, printer, publisher, and goldsmith who introduced printing to Europe with his mechanical movable-type printing press. His work started the Printing Revolution in Europe and is regarded as a milestone of the second millennium, ushering in the modern period of human history. It played a key role in the development of the Renaissance, Reformation, Age of Enlightenment, and Scientific Revolution.

First generation: the English and Burgundian schools

Period: 1410 to 1450

Printing

1450

After years of secret research and testing, Johannes Gutenberg came up with the invention of the printing press around 1450, a system that would transform the spread of knowledge in Europe

La segunda generación franco-flamenca (1450-1483)

Period: 1450 to 1483

In the generation of Antoine Busnois and Johannes Ockeghem, the new rules of counterpoint took hold, consolidating imitative polyphony in an erudite style of very long and sophisticated phrases. The techniques of the canon, conventional or mensural, were used extensively, resulting in a complex style that can perhaps be correlated with the prevailing detail in the painting and architecture of the time.

Cristopher Columbus

Aug 25, 1451

He was an Italian explorer and navigator who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean sponsored by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, opening the way for the widespread European exploration and colonization of the Americas. His expeditions were the first known European contact with the Caribbean, Central America, and South America.

Constantinople

Apr 5, 1453

On April 5, 1453, the entire Turkish army assembled before Constantinople. Mehmet II offered a pact to the city according to which if they accepted the voluntary surrender, the city would not suffer any damage. But the Byzantine emperor refused to surrender the ancient capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. Thanks to the conquest, the Turkish Empire achieved great power, Mehmet II came to be compared to Alexander the Great himself.

Harpsichord

1461

The harpsichord (also known as the harpsichord, harpsichord, harpsichord, gravicémbalo, or cembalo, originally clavicembalo) is a keyboard, plucked-string musical instrument (unlike the piano or harpsichord, which are percussive string instruments).

Sackbut

1468

The sackbut is a wind instrument from the Renaissance and Baroque period, ancestor of the modern slide trombone.

Johannes Gutenberg

Feb 3, 1468

He died in 1468, the 3 of july.
The Catholic Encyclopedia describes Gutenberg's invention as having made a practically unparalleled cultural impact in the Christian era.

Juan de Encina

Jul 12, 1478

he was a composer, poet, and playwright, 535  often called the founder, along with Gil Vicente, of Spanish drama. His birth name was Juan de Fermoselle. He spelled his name Enzina, but this is not a significant difference; it is two spellings of the same sound, in a time when "correct spelling" as we know it barely existed.

The third Franco-Flemish generation: the international style

Period: 1480 to 1520

Around 1500, the best composers still emerged from present-day Belgium and northern France, the fruit of a long local tradition that exported choirmasters throughout Europe, and especially to Italy: Compère, Agricola, Obrecht, Isaac, Mouton, de la Rue... This is how one of the greatest geniuses in musical history appears, Josquin des Prez, whose clear, clean and elegant style becomes a model of polyphonic style for all of Europe

Martín Lutero

Nov 10, 1483

Martin Lutero, born Martin Luder, was an Augustinian Catholic theologian, philosopher, and friar who began and promoted the Protestant Reformation in Germany and whose teachings inspired the theological and cultural doctrine called Lutheranism.

Discovery of America

Oct 12, 1492

Discovery of America is the name given to the historical event that occurred on October 12, 1492, consisting of the arrival in America of an expedition from the Iberian Peninsula led by Christopher Columbus by order of the Catholic Monarchs. Columbus had left the Port of Palos two months and nine days earlier and, after crossing the Atlantic Ocean, arrived at an island in the American continent, believing that he had arrived in India.

The Discovery of America

Oct 12, 1492

Discovery of America is the name given to the historical event that occurred on October 12, 1492, consisting of the arrival in America of an expedition from the Iberian Peninsula led by Christopher Columbus by order of the Catholic Monarchs, Isabel de Castilla and Fernando de Aragon.

Lute

1500

Is any plucked string instrument with a neck and a deep round back enclosing a hollow cavity, usually with a sound hole or opening in the body. It may be either fretted or unfretted.
More specifically, the term "lute" can refer to an instrument from the family of European lutes. The term also refers generally to any string instrument having the strings running in a plane parallel to the sound table.

Organ

1500

In music, the organ is a keyboard instrument of one or more pipe divisions or other means for producing tones, each played from its own manual, with the hands, or pedalboard, with the feet.

Viola da gamba

1500

Is any one of a family of bowed, fretted, and stringed instruments with hollow wooden bodies and pegboxes where the tension on the strings can be increased or decreased to adjust the pitch of each of the strings. Frets on the viol are usually made of gut, tied on the fingerboard around the instrument's neck, to enable the performer to stop the strings more cleanly.

Cristóbal de Morales

1500

Cristóbal de Morales he was born in 1500 to 4 September of 1553. He was a Spanish composer of the Renaissance. He is generally considered to be the most influential Spanish composer before Tomás Luis de Victoria.

Renaissance

Period: 1500 to 1600

Renaissance is the name given in the 19th century to a broad cultural movement that occurred in Western Europe during the 15th and 16th centuries. It was a transition period between the Middle Ages and the early Modern Age. Its main exponents are found in the field of the arts, although there was also a renewal in the sciences, both natural and human. The city of Florence, in Italy, was the birthplace and development of this movement, which later spread throughout Europe.

Secular vocal music

1501

It is at this time that the local styles of secular music are consolidated: the new Italian madrigal (Festa, Arcadelt, Verdelot), the Spanish carol, battle and salad and the Parisian chanson (often homophonic, and often onomatopoeic) appear. and humorous).

Cristopher Columbus

May 20, 1506

After his arrival to Sanlúcar from his fourth voyage, an ill Columbus settled in Seville in April 1505. He stubbornly continued to make pleas to the Crown to defend his own personal privileges and his family's. He moved to Segovia on a mule by early 1506, and, on the occasion of the wedding of King Ferdinand with Germaine of Foix in Valladolid, Spain, in March 1506, Columbus moved to that city to persist with his demands. On 20 May 1506, aged 54, Columbus died in Valladolid.

Mass

1520

Mass of cantus firmus: the author takes a pre-existing melody, either from plainchant or from some secular or even popular song, and places it in one of the voices, usually the so-called Tenor.
Parody or imitation mass: the composer takes a motet or a previous polyphonic song (his own or another author), this already polyphonic, and uses the melodic and harmonic material

The fourth generation

Period: 1520 to 1550

Well into the 16th century, the international style (strongly influenced by Josquin) prevailed in religious music, although authors such as the Spanish Cristóbal de Morales, Nicolas Gombert or Willaert tended to increase the number of voices (typically five), homogenize the texture , lengthen phrases and hide cadences, thus somehow turning to Ockeghem's more complex and refined manners.

Guiovanni Puerligi da Plestrina

1525

Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (Palestrina, 1525 Rome, 1594) was an Italian composer, one of the most famous of the Renaissance. As a young man, he was part of the choir of the Roman basilica of Santa María la Mayor. Later, he was organist in the cathedral of his native city. When the bishop of Palestrina acceded to the papal throne with the name of Julius III, he appointed him master of the choir of the Cappella Giulia in the Vatican. The following year he published his first book of masses.

Juen de Encina

1530

He died in 1529 or in 1530

Orlande de Lassus

1532

Orlande de Lassus hew was born in 1532 – 14 June 1594. Was a composer of the late Renaissance. The chief representative of the mature polyphonic style in the Franco-Flemish school, Lassus stands with Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina and Tomás Luis de Victoria as the leading composers of the later Renaissance. Immensely prolific, his music varies considerably in style and genres, which gave him unprecedented popularity throughout Europe.

Martín Lutero

Feb 18, 1546

He dead February 18, 1546

Tomás Luis de Victoria

1548

Tomás Luis de Victoria (Ávila, h. 1548 – Madrid, August 20, 1611) was a composer, chapel master and famous polyphonist of the Spanish Renaissance. He has been considered one of the most relevant and advanced composers of his time, with an innovative style that heralded the imminent Baroque. Its influence reaches the 20th century, when it was taken as a model by the composers of Cecilianism.

Religious vocal music

1550

In religious vocal music, the Catholic Church promotes the singing of masses and motets in various voices. For its part, the German Protestant Church reaffirms the choir as an important work for its faithful to participate in singing in the liturgy

The fifth generation (1550-1600)

Period: 1550 to 1600

Having then the profession of musician (singer, chapel master, organist, ministril....) a great dependence on the Church, the convulsion caused by the Protestant Reformation and the Counter Reformation fully affected the musical style. After the danger of polyphony suppression (which was executed among some radical reformers), the Council of Trent discouraged the excessively complex polyphony by preventing the understanding of the text, promoting homophony and clarity in general.

Andrea Gavrieli

1553

Andrea Gabrieli (ca. 1533 – August 30, 1585) was an Italian composer and organist of the late Renaissance. Uncle of perhaps the most famous composer Giovanni Gabrieli, he was the first internationally renowned member of the Venetian School of composers. He had great influence in the spread of the Venetian style in both Italy and Germany.

Cristobal de Morales

Sep 4, 1553

He dead the 4 of September of 1553

Giovanni Gabrieli

1554

He was an Italian composer and organist. He was one of the most influential musicians of his time, and represents the culmination of the style of the Venetian School, at the time of the shift from Renaissance to Baroque idioms.

Claudio Monteverdi

May 15, 1567

Claudio Monteverdi, whose full name was Claudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi (Cremona, baptized May 15, 1567 - Venice, November 29, 1643), was an Italian composer, viola player, singer, choir director and priest. He composed both secular and sacred music and marked the transition between the polyphonic and madrigalist tradition of the 16th century and the birth of lyrical drama and opera in the 17th century. He is a crucial figure in the transition between Renaissance and Baroque music.

Andrea Gravieli

1585

He dead in 1585

Guiovanni Puerligi da Palestrina

1594

He dead in 1594

Orlande de Lassus

Jun 14, 1594

He dead the 14 of June of 1594.

Baroque

1600

The Baroque was a period of history in Western culture originated by a new way of conceiving art (the "baroque style") and that, starting from different historical-cultural contexts, produced works in numerous artistic fields: literature, architecture, sculpture, painting, music, opera

Fiddle

1600

The violin (from the Italian violino, diminutive of viola) is a string instrument. Whoever plays it is called a violinist.
Of the family of bowed strings, it is the smallest and sharpest of its kind, consisting of a figure-8 soundboard, a fretless neck, and four strings that are plucked with a bow.
There can also be metal violins that are like a wooden one but the metal one does not have a bottom.

Eurícide

1600

Eurídice is a pastoral opera that was commissioned from the composer Jacobo Peri and the poet Ottavio Rinuccini on the occasion of the marriage between Henry IV of France and Maria de' Medici, which took place in Florence in the year 1600.

Baroque Music

Period: 1600 to 1750

It refers to the period or dominant style of Western classical music composed from about 1600 to 1750.[1] The Baroque style followed the Renaissance period, and was followed in turn by the Classical period after a short transition, the galant style. The Baroque period is divided into three major phases: early, middle, and late. Overlapping in time, they are conventionally dated from 1580 to 1650, from 1630 to 1700, and from 1680 to 1750.

Cervantes

1605

Don Quixote is the best known work of Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra. Its first part was published under the title of El ingenioso hidalgo don Quixote de la Mancha at the beginning of 1605, it is one of the most outstanding works of Spanish literature and universal literature, and one of the most translated.

Giacomo Carissimi

Apr 18, 1605

Giacomo Carissimi was one of the most eminent Italian composers of the early Baroque and one of the main representatives of the Roman School. He was born in Marino, near Rome, in 1604 or 1605.

Tomás Luis de Victoria

Aug 20, 1611

He dead the 20 of August of 1611.

Giovanni Gabrieli

Aug 12, 1612

He died in 1612, the 12 of august

Peak flute

1614

The peak flute is a woodwind instrument made up of a cylindrical tube with eight holes, seven of which are located at the front and one at the back.

Barbara Strozzi

Aug 6, 1619

She was an Italian composer and singer of the Baroque Period. During her lifetime, Strozzi published eight volumes of her own music, and had more secular music in print than any other composer of the era. This was achieved without any support from the Church and with no consistent patronage from the nobility.

Isaac Newton

Dec 25, 1642

He was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author, widely recognised as one of the greatest mathematicians and physicists and among the most influential scientists of all time. He was a key figure in the philosophical revolution known as the Enlightenment. His book Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), first published in 1687, established classical mechanics.

Claudio Monteverdi

Nov 29, 1643

He died in Venice, November 29, 1643

Henry Purcell

Sep 10, 1659

Henry Purcell was born the 10 September of 1659 and he dead the 21 of November of 1695. He was an English composer. Although it incorporated Italian and French elements, Purcell's style of Baroque music was uniquely English. Generally considered among the greatest English opera composers.

Giacomo Carissimi

Jan 12, 1674

He dead the January 12, 1674, Rome, Italy

Barbara Strozzi

Nov 11, 1677

She died in 1977, the 11 of november.
Strozzi died in Padua in 1677 aged 58. She is believed to have been buried at Eremitani. She did not leave a will when she died, so on her passing, her son Giulio Pietro claimed her inheritance in full.

Antoine Lucio Vivaldi

Mar 4, 1678

He was an Italian composer, virtuoso violinist and impresario of Baroque music. Regarded as one of the greatest Baroque composers, Vivaldi's influence during his lifetime was widespread across Europe, giving origin to many imitators and admirers. He pioneered many developments in orchestration, violin technique and programatic music. He consolidated the emerging concerto form into a widely accepted and followed idiom, which was paramount in the development of Johann Sebastian Bach's music.

George Philipp Telemann

Mar 24, 1681

was a German Baroque composer and multi-instrumentalist. Almost completely self-taught in music, he became a composer against his family's wishes. After studying in Magdeburg, Zellerfeld, and Hildesheim, Telemann entered the University of Leipzig to study law, but eventually settled on a career in music. He held important positions in Leipzig, Sorau, Eisenach, and Frankfurt before settling in Hamburg in 1721, where he became musical director of that city's five main churches.

Georg Friedrich Händel

Feb 23, 1685

He was born the February 23, 1685, Halle, Germany. He was German composer naturalized English. A strict contemporary of Johann Sebastian Bach (although two composers more opposed in terms of style and aspirations could hardly be found), Handel represents not only one of the peaks of the Baroque era, but also of music of all time.

Sebastian Bach

Mar 31, 1685

It was born in 1685

Henry Purcell

Nov 21, 1695

He dead the 21 of November the 1695 with 36 years.

Christoph Willibald Gluck

Jul 2, 1714

He carried out a reform, giving greater prominence to the orchestra and the choirs, and proposed less ornate melodies, and more understandable for the public.

Isaac Newton

Mar 20, 1726

Newton died in his sleep in London on 20 March 1727. He was given a ceremonial funeral, attended by nobles, scientists, and philosophers, and was buried in Westminster Abbey among kings and queens. He is also the first scientist to be buried in the abbey. Voltaire may have been present at his funeral. A bachelor, he had divested much of his estate to relatives during his last years, and died intestate.

Joseph Haydn

Mar 31, 1732

He was born the 31 of march, in 1732
He was an Austrian composer of the Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the string quartet and piano trio. His contributions to musical form have led him to be called "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet''.

Industrial revolution

1750

The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in Great Britain, continental Europe, and the United States, that occurred during the period from around 1760 to about 1820–1840. This transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and the rise of the mechanized factory system.

Classicism

1750

It is the artistic period that covers the second half of the 18th century and the first decades of the 19th century. In this century the illustration arises, a philosophical movement based on reason. This movement influences composers, who, through music, manage to capture ideas about proportions, balance, order and beauty.

Sebastian Bach

Jul 28, 1750

He died in 1750. He was a German composer, musician, conductor, Kapellmeister, singer and teacher of the Baroque period.

Maria Anna Mozart

Jul 30, 1751

Called "Marianne" and nicknamed Nannerl, was a musician, the older sister of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791) and daughter of Leopold (1719–1787) and Anna Maria Mozart (1720-1778).

Georg Friedrich Händel

Apr 14, 1759

He dead the 14 of April the 1759. The great musician Georg Friedrich Händel (1685-1759) presented a cerebral vascular disease at the age of 52.

Maria Theresia von Paradis

May 15, 1759

She was an Austrian musician and composer who lost her sight at an early age, and for whom her close friend Mozart may have written his Piano Concerto No. 18 in B-flat major. She was also in contact with Salieri, Haydn, and Gluck.

Georg Philipp Telemann

Jun 25, 1767

Telemann died in 1767, the 25 of june and is one of the most prolific composers in history, at least in terms of surviving oeuvre. He was considered by his contemporaries to be one of the leading German composers of the time, and he was compared favourably both to his friend Johann Sebastian Bach, who made Telemann the godfather and namesake of his son Carl Philipp Emanuel, and to George Frideric Handel, whom Telemann also knew personally.

Steam machine

1769

A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. The steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. The term "steam engine" is generally applied only to reciprocating engines as just described, not to the steam turbine. Steam engines are external combustion engines, where the working fluid is separated from the combustion products.

Ludwig van Beethoven

Dec 17, 1770

He was a German composer and pianist. Beethoven remains one of the most admired composers in the history of Western music; his works rank amongst the most performed of the classical music repertoire and span the transition from the Classical period to the Romantic era in classical music. His career has conventionally been divided into early, middle, and late periods. His early period, during which he forged his craft, is typically considered to have lasted until 1802.

Christoph Willibald Gluck

Nov 15, 1787

He died the 15 of november, in 1787

French revolution

1789

It was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are considered fundamental principles of liberal democracy, while the values and institutions it created remain central to French political discourse.

Antoine Lucio Vivaldi

Jul 28, 1791

He died in 1791, the 28 of july.
After almost two centuries of decline, Vivaldi's musical reputation underwent a revival in the early 20th century, with much scholarly research devoted to his work.

Rossini

Feb 29, 1792

Fue el mejor compositor de ópera entre 1810 y 1830. Escribió óperas para famosos teatros europeos como los de Milán, Venecia, Roma, Nápoles, y París. Sus óperas se presentaban tanto en Europa (en el caso de España, llegaban primero a Barcelona) como en las Américas, incluyendo la Ciudad de México y Buenos Aires. 

Franz Schubert

1797

Franz Peter Schubert (Vienna, January 31, 1797-ibidem, November 19, 1828) was an Austrian composer of the beginnings of musical Romanticism but, at the same time, a continuator of the classical sonata following the model of Ludwig van Beethoven. Despite his short life, he left a great legacy, which includes more than six hundred secular vocal works (mainly lieder), seven complete symphonies, sacred music, operas, incidental music and a large number of works for piano and chamber music.

Romanticism

Period: 1800 to 1890

Romanticism is a cultural movement that originated in Germany and the United Kingdom at the end of the 18th century as a revolutionary reaction against the Enlightenment and Neoclassicism, giving priority to feelings. It is considered the first cultural movement that covered the entire map of Europe.

Hector Berlioz

Dec 11, 1803

Louis Hector Berlioz fue un compositor francés y figura destacada del romanticismo. Su obra más conocida es la Sinfonía fantástica, estrenada en 1830.

Felix Mendelssohn

Feb 3, 1809

Felix Mendelssohn, cuyo nombre completo era Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy, fue un compositor, director de orquesta y pianista de música romántica alemán, y hermano de la también pianista y compositora Fanny Mendelssohn.

Joseph Haydn

May 31, 1809

He died the 31 of may, in 1809.

Fréderic Chopin

1810

Frédéric Chopin(Żelazowa Wola , February 22, 1810 - Paris , October 17, 1849 ) is generally considered the greatest Polish composer in history and one of the best composers for the piano , an instrument for which he composed almost exclusively. His lineage is sometimes written Szopen in Polish texts. Chopin's work represents romanticism at its purest. He was called the poet of the piano.

Robert Schumann

Jun 8, 1810

Robert Schumann​ fue un compositor, pianista y crítico musical alemán del siglo XIX, considerado uno de los más importantes y representativos compositores del Romanticismo musical. Schumann dejó sus estudios de derecho, con la intención de seguir una carrera como virtuoso pianista.

Franz Liszt

Oct 22, 1811

Franz Liszt fue un compositor austrohúngaro romántico, ​ un virtuoso pianista, director de orquesta, profesor de piano, arreglista y seglar franciscano. Su nombre en húngaro era Liszt Ferencz, ​ según el uso moderno Liszt Ferenc, ​ y desde 1859 hasta 1865 fue conocido oficialmente como Franz Ritter von Liszt.​

Giuseppe Verdi

1813

(Roncole, present-day Italy, 1813 - Milan, 1901) Italian composer. A contemporary of Wagner, and like him an eminently dramatic composer, Verdi was the great dominator of the European lyric scene during the second half of the 19th century. His art, however, was not that of a revolutionary like that of the German, on the contrary, for him any renewal had to seek its reason in the past.

Ricahrd Wagner

1813

(Leipzig, now Germany, 1813 - Venice, Italy, 1883) German composer, conductor, poet and musical theorist. Although Wagner practically only composed for the stage, his influence on music is an unquestionable fact. The great musical currents that emerged later, from expressionism to impressionism and by continuation or reaction, find their true origin in Wagner, to the point that some critics maintain that all contemporary music is born from the harmony.

Clara Schumann

1819

(Clara Wieck; Leipzig, 1819 - Frankfurt am Main, 1896) German pianist and composer, wife of the also German composer and pianist Robert Schumann. Professor at the Frankfurt Conservatory from 1872 to 1892 and excellent interpreter of Beethoven, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt and Schumann himself, she directed the edition of her husband's works.

Music in the Czech Republic

1824

The composers who were in the Czech Republic were: Bedrich Smetana and Anton Dvorák.Antonín Leopold Dvořák was a post-Romantic composer born in Bohemia - a territory then belonging to the Austrian Empire - one of the first Czech composers to achieve worldwide recognition and one of the great composers of the second half of the 19th century Bedřich Smetana was a composer born in Bohemia, a region that in the musician's lifetime was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

Maria Theresia von Paradis

Feb 1, 1824

She died the 1 of february, in 1824

Ludwig van Beethoven

Mar 26, 1827

He died the 26 of march, in 1827

Franz Schubert

1828

He dead in 1828

Anna Maria Mozart

Oct 29, 1829

She died the 29 of october, in 1829.

Brahms

May 7, 1833

Johannes Brahms fue un compositor, pianista y director de orquesta alemán del romanticismo, considerado el más clásico de los compositores de dicho periodo. Nacido en Hamburgo en una familia luterana, pasó gran parte de su vida profesional en Viena.

Music of Rusia

1837

In the Romanticism it inspired in the group of five that it's formed by: César Cui, Milij Balakirev, Modest Mussorgsky, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov and Alexandre Borodin are the members of the so-called "Group of Five", promoters of Russian musical nationalism. Balakirev (1837-1910) was a composer, conductor and teacher.

Modest Músorgski

1839

Modest Músorgski ​ fue un compositor ruso, integrante del grupo de «Los Cinco». Entre sus obras destacan las óperas Borís Godunov y Jovánschina, el poema sinfónico Una noche en el Monte Pelado y la suite para piano Cuadros de una exposición. Músorgski fue un innovador de la música rusa en el período romántico.

Piotr Ilich Chaikovski

1840

Piotr Ilich Chaikovski fue un compositor ruso del período del Romanticismo. Es autor de algunas de las obras de música clásica más famosas del repertorio actual, como los ballets El lago de los cisnes, La bella durmiente y El cascanueces, la Obertura 1812, la obertura-fantasía Romeo y Julieta, el Primer concierto para piano, el Concierto para violín, sus sinfonías Cuarta, Quinta y Sexta y las óperas Eugenio Oneguin y La dama de picas.

Nikolái Rimski-Kórsakov

1844

Nikolái Andréyevich Rimski-Kórsakov​ ​ fue un compositor, director de orquesta y pedagogo ruso miembro del grupo de compositores conocido como Los Cinco.​

Felix Mendelssohn

Nov 4, 1847

Murió el 4 de noviembre de 1847

Fréderic Chopin

1849

He dead at 1849

Robert Schumann

Jul 29, 1856

Murió el 29 de julio de 1856, Endenich, Bonn, Alemania

Puccini

Dec 22, 1858

Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini, más conocido simplemente como Giacomo Puccini, fue un compositor italiano de ópera, considerado entre los más grandes, de fines del siglo XIX y principios del XX. Fue un visionario, creador de los conceptos de música que regirían el cine durante el siglo XX. 

Hugo Wolf

Mar 13, 1860

Hugo Filipp Jakob Wolf fue un compositor austriaco de origen esloveno, que vivió durante los años finales del siglo XIX en Viena. Entusiasta seguidor de Richard Wagner, se mezcló en las disputas existentes en Viena, por aquel entonces, entre wagnerianos y formalistas o brahmsianos.

Gustav Mahler

Jul 7, 1860

Gustav Mahler fue un compositor y director de orquesta austro-bohemio cuyas obras se consideran, junto con las de Richard Strauss, las más importantes del posromanticismo. En la primera década del siglo XX, Gustav Mahler fue uno de los más importantes directores de orquesta y de ópera de su momento.

Claude Debussy

Aug 22, 1862

He was a French composer. He is sometimes seen as the first Impressionist composer, although he vigorously rejected the term. He was among the most influential composers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Music from Scandinavian countries

1865

In Scandinavia, Edvard Hagerup Grieg, commonly known as Edvard Grieg, was a Norwegian composer and pianist, considered one of the main representatives of late Romanticism. And Jean Sibelius, recorded at birth as Johan Julius Christian Sibelius, was a Finnish composer and violinist of late Romanticism and early Modernism.

Rossini

Nov 19, 1868

Murió en el 13 de noviembre de 1868

Hector Berlioz

Apr 8, 1869

Murió 8 de marzo de 1869

Schönberg

Sep 13, 1874

Arnold Schönberg fue un compositor, teórico musical y pintor austriaco de origen judío. Desde que emigró a los Estados Unidos, en 1934, adoptó el nombre de Arnold Schoenberg, y así es como suele aparecer en las publicaciones en idioma inglés y en todo el mundo.

Maurice Ravel

Mar 7, 1875

He was a French composer, pianist and conductor. He is often associated with Impressionism along with his elder contemporary Claude Debussy, although both composers rejected the term. In the 1920s and 1930s Ravel was internationally regarded as France's greatest living composer.

Manuel de falla

Nov 23, 1876

He was an Andalusian Spanish composer and pianist. Along with Isaac Albéniz, Francisco Tárrega, and Enrique Granados, he was one of Spain's most important musicians of the first half of the 20th century. He has a claim to being Spain's greatest composer of the 20th century,[1] although the number of pieces he composed was relatively modest.

Music Hungary

1880

In Hungary, Béla Bartók was a Hungarian musician who stood out as a composer, pianist and researcher of Eastern European folk music. And Zoltán Kodály was an outstanding Hungarian musician whose musical style first went through a post-romantic-Viennese phase and then evolved towards its main characteristic: the mixture of folklore and complex harmonies of the 20th century AD.

Modest Músorgski ​

1881

Murió en 1881

Béla Bartók

Mar 25, 1881

He was a Hungarian composer, pianist, and ethnomusicologist. He is considered one of the most important composers of the 20th century; he and Franz Liszt are regarded as Hungary's greatest composers.Through his collection and analytical study of folk music, he was one of the founders of comparative musicology, which later became ethnomusicology.

Stravinsky

Jun 7, 1882

Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky was a Russian composer and conductor and one of the most important and transcendental musicians of the twentieth century. His long life allowed him to know a great variety of musical currents.

Joaquín Turina

Dec 9, 1882

He was a Spanish composer of classical music.

Zoltán Kódaly

Dec 16, 1882

He was a Hungarian composer, ethnomusicologist, pedagogue, linguist, and philosopher. He is well known internationally as the creator of the Kodály method of music education.

Richard Wagner

1883

He dead in 1883

Franz Liszt

Jul 31, 1886

Murió el 31 de julio de 1886

Music of the american countries

1890

In the american countries it highlight George Gershwin was an American musician, composer and pianist. He is popularly recognized for having achieved a perfect amalgamation between classical music and jazz, which is evident in his prodigious works. Heitor Villa-Lobos was a Brazilian conductor and composer whose music was influenced by both Brazilian folk music and European classical music.

Piotr Ilich Chaikovski

Nov 6, 1893

Murió el 6 de noviembre de 1893.

Clara Schumman

1896

He dead in 1896

Johannes Brahms

Apr 3, 1897

Murió el 3 de abril de 1897

Giuseppe Verdi

1901

He dead in 1901

Hugo Filipp Jakob Wolf

Feb 22, 1903

Murió el 22 de febrero de 1903, Viena, Austria.

Nikolái Rimski-Kórsakov

Jun 21, 1908

Murió el 21 de Junio de 1908.

Messiaen

Dec 10, 1908

Olivier Messiaen was a French composer, organist, pedagogue and ornithologist, one of the most outstanding musicians of the entire century. Both his fascination with Hinduism, his admiration for nature and birds, his deep Christian faith and his love for instrumental color, were central to his formation as a person and artist.

Pierre Schaeffer

Aug 14, 1910

Pierre Henri Marie Schaeffer was a French composer. He is considered the creator of musique concrète. He is the author of the book entitled Treaty of musical objects, where he exposes all his theory on this type of music. He composed different works, all based on the technique of musique concrète. Among them, it is worth mentioning his Study for locomotives.

Gustav Mahler

May 18, 1911

Murió el 18 de mayo de 1911, Viena, Austria

John Cage

Sep 5, 1912

John Milton Cage Jr., artistically John Cage, was an American composer, music theorist, artist and philosopher. A pioneer of random music, electronic music, and the non-standard use of musical instruments, Cage was one of the leading figures of the postwar avant-garde. Critics have applauded him as one of the most influential American composers of the twentieth century.

Claude Debussy

Mar 25, 1918

He died the 25 fo march, in 1918

Puccini

Nov 29, 1924

Murió el 29 noviembre de 1924

Pierre Henry

Dec 9, 1927

Pierre Henry fue un músico francés, considerado como el creador, junto con Pierre Schaeffer, de la llamada música concreta y uno de los padrinos de la música electroacústica.

Maurice Ravel

Dec 28, 1937

He died the 28 of december, in 1937

Béla Bartók

Sep 26, 1945

He died the 26 of september, in 1945

Manuel de Falla

Nov 14, 1946

He died the 14 of November, in 1946

Joaquín Turina

Jan 14, 1949

he died the 14 of january, in 1949

arnold schönberg

Jul 13, 1951

He dead the 13 of July the 1951

Zoltán Kódaly

Mar 6, 1967

He died the 6 of march, in 1967

Stravinsky

Apr 6, 1971

He dead the six of April the 1971

john cage

Aug 12, 1992

He dead the 12 of Agoust the 1992.

Pierre Schaeffer

Aug 19, 1995

He dead the 19 of Agoust the 1995

Messiaen

Apr 27, 1996

He dead the 27 of April the 1996.

Pierre Henry

Jul 5, 2017

He dead the 5 of Jully the 2017 in Paris.