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Metastasio (1698-1782)
Pietro Metastasio was a Court poet in Vienna, he was the most important author of librettos for the 18th century,his libretti was set over 800 times in the 28 and 19th century
Metastasio has made 8 oratorios, several other dramatic works, and 27 three-heroic operas -
Sammartini (1700/01-1775)
Giovanni Battista Sammartini was a Galant Italian composer and innovator of the symphony in Milan
Sammartini has made symphonies, concertos, overtures, quartets, xonatas, 5 stage works, sacred and secular vocal works -
Farincalli (Carlo Broschi) (1705-1782)
Farincalli was one of the famous castrati in the 18th century and was trained by Porpora -
Richter (1709-1789)
Franz Xaver Richter was a German composer, singer, and teacher, he was the innovator of the string quartet, he was one of the foremost Mannheim composer
Richter has made 17 symphonies, chamber music, and a few songs
his genre he commonly composed was classical -
Prince Eszterhazy (1714-1790)
Prince Nikolaus J. Eszterhazy was Haydn's patron and employer until 1790 -
Emanuel Bach (1714-1788)
Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach was a Galant and was the eldest son of J.S. Bach, he wrote in both Baroque and classic styles, he was associated with Empfindsamkeit (sentimental Style), he worked 30 years in Berlin for Frederick the Great
Bach had made symphonies, keyboard works, hundreds of sonatas, arias, songs, concertos, choral music, and theoretical works
his genre he commonly composed was classical -
Gluck (1714-1787)
Christoph Willibald Gluck was a German opera-reform composer, he often conisidered Baroque, he created a new balance between music and drama, he was jealous of Mozart
Gluck has made operas, ballets, a few sonatas, and some vocal works
his genre he commonly composed was operas and classical -
Stamitz (1717-1757)
Johann Stamitz was a Galant, teacher, conductor, and violinist, a symphonic innovator in Mannheim, he helped establish the symphonic genre
Stamitz has made 58 symphonies, concertos, orchestral trios, chamber music,and sacred vocal works
his genre he commonly composed was classical -
Dr. Burney (1726-1814)
Dr. Charles Burney was a Music historian, author, and organist, he traveled Europe and wrote about his obervervations
Burney has made histories and memoirs -
Christian Bach (1735-1829)
Johann Christian Bach was the son of J.S. Bach, he worked in Milan and London, he was a friend and influence to Mozart, he set up concert series in London with Abel
Bach has made symphonies, operas, church music, concertos, and keyboard works
his genre he commonly composed was classical -
Period: to
Classical Era
All of the Galant musical traits became the Classic style, Sonata form experienced its highest achievements in this era,compositions became polythematic,desiring more than one main theme,the classic style used repeated notes in melodic & accompanimental passages,the tempo was steady and regular with little use of rubaro in ensemble music.A patented version of the piano emerged in England in 1777 & from this point on the piano experienced changes that strengthened in & expanded its versatillity. -
Boccherini (1743-1805)
luigi Boccherini was a Italian composer and cellist
Boccherini has made 91 string quartets, 90+ string quintets, sonatas, sextets, octets,arias, symphonies, and choral music
his genre he commonly composed was classical -
Billings (1746-1800)
William Billings was a singing teacher but not a strong composer, he was the most prominent composer in the New America
his genre he commonly composed was folk tradition -
Cimarosa (1749-1801)
Domenico Cimarosa was a Italian composer, he was a central figure in opera in the late 18th century, he was extraordinarily successful in his day
Cimarosa has made 65 operas, oratorios, masses, 6 quartets, and keyboard works
his genre he commonly composed was operas -
Da Ponte (1749-1838)
Lorenzo Da Ponte was a Italian librettist and poet, he collaborated with Mozart, he moved to the US and was professor at Columbia College in New York -
von Goethe (1749-1832)
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer and poet, he was a literary force behind Romanticism, composers continue to set his works to music -
Antonio Salieri (1750-1825)
Antonio Salieri was a Italian teacher and composer, he functioned in the transitional periods between the galant and the classic and then again between the classic and the romantic
Salieri has made 16 operas, oratorios, masses, 180 canons, liturgical music, chamber music, arias, pedagogical works,and some orchestral music
his genre he commonly composed was classical -
Clementi (1752-1832)
Muzio Clementi was a English composer of Italian birth,keyboardist, music publisher, teacher, and piano manufacturer
Clementi has made sonatas, symphonies, chamber music, and pedagogical works
his genre he commonly composed was classical -
Mozart (1756-1791)
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a Austrian composer, a child prodigy, he wrote in all genres, his best innovations were in opera, he represents to many today the epitome of the classic style, he was one of the best musicians and composers of all time
Mozart has made 20 operas, piano concertos, other concertos, symphonies, choral music, sonatas, chamber music, and other vocal works
his genre he commonly composed was folk and classical -
Spinning Jenny
The spinning jenny is a multi-spindle spinning frame, and was one of the key developments in the industrialization of textile manufacturing during the early Industrial Revolution -
Lexington and concord
he battle broke out at Concord. Seventy-three British soldiers were killed and over 200 were wounded. The Americans lost 49 soldiers and suffered 39 wounded. This marked the beginning to Revolutionary War -
American Revolutionary War starts
The American Revolutionary War was initiated by delegates from the thirteen American colonies in Congress against Great Britain over their objection to Parliament's taxation policies and lack of colonial representation. -
Bunker Hill
The Battle of Bunker Hill was fought on June 17, 1775, during the Siege of Boston in the early stages of the American Revolutionary War.The Americans occupied Bunker Hill overlooking Boston on the evening of June 16th. The British, commanded by General Gage, had no choice but to attack the Americans. On the afternoon of the 17th. In a hard fought battle, the American were forced to withdraw -
Steam Engine was invented
James Watt developed a steam engine. His steam engine made the industrial revolution possible -
Declaration of Independence was created
This Declaration stated that the colonies were free and independent states, absolved of all allegiance to England. It made official what had already been happening; as the War of Independence was in full swing. -
First Submarine Built
With the War between the United States and Great Britain raging and American David Bushnell designed a weapon to counteract the the naval superiority of the British. His invention a submersible craft was the first submarine, to attack British ships in harbor -
Battle of Trenton
The Battle of Trenton was a small but pivotal American Revolutionary War battle that took place on the morning of December 26, 1776, in Trenton, New Jersey -
Battle of Saratoga
The Battle of Saratoga occurred in September and October, 1777, during the second year of the American Revolution. It included two crucial battles, fought eighteen days apart, and was a decisive victory for the Continental Army and a crucial turning point in the Revolutionary War. -
Treaty of Paris signed
The Treaty of Paris, signed in Paris by representatives of King George III of Great Britain and representatives of the United States of America and Canada on September 3, 1783, officially ended the American Revolutionary War. -
Power Loom was invented
Edmund Cartwright, the inventor of the power loom and was a method to automate the final stage of textile production the weaving -
Cotton Gin Invented
Eli Whitney the inventor of the cotton gin which was a machine for separating cotton from its seeds
