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"The Science of Mechanics"
In this publication, Mach challenges the concept of absolute space and time. He introduces the idea that the speed of moving objects is based off the frame of reference used to describe the speed. This publication had a profound influence on future works in physics and provided a foundation for Albert Einstein's later development of the theory of relativity. Mach, Ernst. "Die Mechanik in ihrer Entwicklung historisch-kritisch dargestellt." Leipzig: Brockhaus, 1883. -
The Analysis of Sensations
Mach publishes "The Analysis of Sensations," in which he develops his ideas on perception and sensation in more detail. He argues that sensations are the basic units of perception and that they are not inherently connected to any particular object or stimulus. He also argues that our perceptions of space and time are based on our sensations rather than on any inherent properties of objects or phenomena. Mach, Ernst. "Beiträge zur Analyse der Empfindungen." Jena: Fischer, 1886. -
"The Principles of Physical Optics"
Mach publishes "The Principles of Physical Optics," in which he argues that perception is an active process that involves both the observer and the object being observed. He also argues that sensory experience is the basis of all knowledge. Mach, Ernst. "Die Principien der Physikalischen Optik: Historisch und Kritisch Entwickelt." Leipzig: Brockhaus, 1896. -
"Knowledge and Error"
Mach publishes "Knowledge and Error," in which he furthers his views on perception and knowledge. He argues that knowledge is always provisional and that scientific theories are always subject to revision/rejection based on new evidence. He emphasizes the need for empirical observation and the constant reevaluation of scientific beliefs. Mach, Ernst. "Erkenntnis und Irrtum: Skizzen zur Psychologie der Forschung." Leipzig: Barth, 1905.