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Period: Jan 1, 1000 to
Canadian Contact
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Jun 24, 1497
Giovanni Caboto (John Cabot) and Europeans Arrive
-Cabot's first expedition lead him to the northern coast of what is now Newfoundland
-He discovered great masses of cod fish, which he said could be scooped up in baskets let down from the side of his ship
-This discovery of cod was extremely important to Europeans, who abstained from eating any type of meat for over 160 days a year
-Cabot paved the way for large amounts of European fishers to come and experience the wealth of the "New Found Isles" -
Jun 24, 1497
Giovanni Caboto (John Cabot) and Europeans Arrive Cont.
I believe that Cabot's discovery was significant because it showed how rich in resources the New World was, thus drawing them over and promoting infrastructure. However it did lead to a great conflict between the Europeans and the Beothuk people. The Beothuk's were native to the land that Cabot had discovered, but Cabot never came in contact with them on his expedition. Future contact between Beothuk and European people led to multiple misunderstandings and much violence. -
Jan 1, 1534
Jacques Cartier Comes in Contact With Native Peoples
-This was Cartier's first meeting with Native People
-The Natives were from the Iroquoian nation of Stadaconé
-Cartier asked Donnacona, the chief, the name of his village, Donnacona replied "Kanata"
-Along with two of Donnacona's sons, Cartier sailed back to France to inform the King of the new land, "Canada" -
Jan 1, 1534
Jacques Cartier Comes In Contact With Native Peoples Cont.
This "Contact" was extremely important in my mind because it established one of the first relationships between Native people and European travellers. Cartier paved the way for French settlers to travel up the St. Lawrence River into Montreal, where they could build one of Canada's first European based communities. I would catagorize this Contact as a Relationship, becasuse over time the Europeans were able to establish trade relations with the Native peoples. -
First Fisheries Established in St. John's (Early 1600s-) Cont.
This piece of Contact formed a relationship that is still standing strong today. The fishing industry is still one of the most profitable in Canada, and this was all started by some European explorers, all the way back in the 1500s. I find that so interesting and remarkable. -
First Fisheries Established in St. John's (Early 1600s-)
-First fisheries established in St. John's Harbour, Newfoundland, due to its close proximity and easy access to the East coast's abundance of Cod
-The British used their naval dominance to secure the area from Cape Bonavista in the north, to Cape Race in the south for their own fishing
-first permanent settlers in the early 1600s were a family named Oxford who established a plantation, in the area of West Beck's Cove -
Samuel De Champlain Establishes Quebec City
-Champlain was a French solider turned explorer and diplomat
-He sailed up the St. Lawrence River,and established "New France" and the city of Quebec, where he built his settlement
-He established relationships with the Huron, Algonquin, Montagians, and Etchemin tribes, whom he set up the first Fur Trade with
-He made strong enemies with the Iroquois, which were being backed by the British
-He sailed the St. Lawrence River and mapped most of it, and the surrounding Great Lakes -
Samuel De Champlain Establishes Quebec City Cont.
I believe Champlain's exploration of the New World was crucial in the history of Contact in Canada because he not only established Quebec City, but he also established relationships that would ignite the trading flame between the New World and Europe. The Fur Trade that he established with France proved to be extremely profitable for him, allowing him to continue his relationships with the Native tribes, and also expland his settlement of Quebec City. -
The Fur Trade (1608-)
Because of the fashions in France at the time, beaver fur hats were "all the rage for men". Fortunatley for Samuel de Champlain, the furs found in Canada were much thicker and more luxurious, and there was a larger abundance of them than in Europe. Soon after this, the British saw the oppourtunity for themselves. The competition between England and France became fierce. They both wanted to be in control of the land and its resources. -
The Fur Trade, and Establishment of the Hudson's Bay Company (1608-) Cont.
The battles between the French and English Fur Traders went on for years, involving both the Iroquois (British) and and Huron (French) tribes. This went on until May 6, 1670, that was when the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) was founded by the British. HBC was given exclusive rights and therefore were the only company allowed to trade furs in the area. -
The Vikings, The First Europeans
-Viking tribes were in fact the first Europeans in the Americas
-They were forced out of Newfoundland by the Native peoples in 980CE
-It wasn't until 1960 that the remains of a Viking colony were found by Norwegian explorer Helge Instad and his wife, Anne Stine, on the tip of the Great Northern Peninsula of Newfoundland
-The absence of a refuse pit in the discovered Viking settlement suggests that the Vikings could not have occupied the land for more than a few years. -
The Vikings, The First Europeans Cont.
I believe this is such a significant piece of history because of the simple fact that it puts to rest the idea that Christopher Colombus was the first European to discover the New World. Many people do not even know of these Vikings existance however, which in my mind, is a massive "wart" and should be tended to immediately. Due to the fact that the Vikings were forced out of Newfoundland by the Natives, I would catagorize this contact as a collision.
