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1415
Portuguese Capture of Ceuta
The Portuguese capture of Ceuta marked the beginning of Europe's expansion into overseas exploration, opening new routes into Africa and beyond. -
1492
Columbus Reaches the Americas
Columbus's voyage in 1492 connected Europe and the Americas for the first time, launching a wave of exploration, colonization, and global change. -
1494
Treaty of Tordesillas
This treaty between Spain and Portugal divided newly discovered lands, shaping how the Americas and parts of the world were colonized for centuries. -
1497
Vasco da Gama Reaches India
Vasco da Gama’s successful voyage to India established a direct sea route from Europe to Asia, dramatically boosting global trade. -
1519
Magellan’s Circumnavigation Begins
Magellan’s expedition set out to sail around the world, proving not just that the Earth was round, but how interconnected distant lands truly were. -
1521
Fall of Tenochtitlán
The fall of the Aztec capital to Spanish conquistadors reshaped the Americas forever, bringing profound cultural, political, and demographic changes. -
1555
Peace of Augsburg Signed
By recognizing religious division across Europe, this treaty fueled new waves of migration and exploration as groups sought freedom elsewhere. -
Founding of the British East India Company
The founding of the British East India Company marked a turning point, as global trade became increasingly dominated by powerful corporations. -
First African Slaves Arrive in Virginia
The arrival of the first enslaved Africans in English North America began a tragic and lasting chapter of forced migration and racial inequality. -
Expansion of the Columbian Exchange
The Columbian Exchange spread crops, animals, people, and diseases between continents, permanently transforming economies, diets, and societies.
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