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The suction pump was developed.
Galileo Galilei(2.15.1564-1.8.1642)developed the suction pump when he was 66.He used air to draw underground water up a column, similar to how a syringe draws water . He was perplexed as to why there was a limit to the height water could be raised. -
The first barometer was developed.
Evangelista Torricelli(10.15 .1608-10.25.1647)developed the first barometer.He carried on Galileo's work by determining that the limit to the height Galileo's pump could draw water was due to atmospheric pressure.He invented a closed-end tube filled with mercury that,inturn,was suspended ina shallow dish filled with liquid mercury.The height of the column of mercury in the tube(measured in mmHg)was euqal to the atmosppheric pressure acting on the mercury in the pan. -
Otto von Guericke&pump
From 1643-1645 ,Otto von Guericke(11.20.1602-5.11.1686) made apump when he was 41 that could creat a vacuum so strong that a team of horses could not pull two metal hemispheres apart.He reasoned that the hemispheres were held together by the mechanical force of the atmospheric pressure rather than vacuum. -
Blaise Pascal
Blaise Pascal(6.19.1623-8.19.1662)used Torricelli's "barometer"and travelled up and down a mountain in southern France.He discovered that the pressure of the atmosphere increased as he moved down the mountain when he was 25.Sometimes later the SI unit of pressure, the Pascal, was named after him. -
The manometer was developed.
Christiaan Huygens(4.14.1629-7.8.1695) developed the manometer to study the elastic forces in gases whe he was 32. -
John Dalton
John Dalton(9.6.1766-7.27.1844)sated that in a mixture of gases the total pressure of each gas,as if it were in a container alone when he was 35.The pressure exerted by each gas is called its particial pressure. -
The law of combining volumes
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac(12.6.1778-5.9.1850)observed the law of combining volumes when he was 30.He noticed that ,for example ,two volumes of hydrogen combined with one volume of oxygen to form two volumes of water. -
Amadeo Avogadro
Amadeo Avogadro(8.9.1776-7.9.1856),at the age of 35,suggested, from Gay-Lussac's experiments conducted three years earlier,that the pressure in a container is directly proportional to the number of particles in that container(known as Avogadro's Hypothesis).This can be illustrated by blowing up a balloon,ball,or tire:the more air is added the larger the container becomes due to increased pressure.
