The Four Rightly Guided Caliphs

Expedition of Usama

Jan 1, 632

After Muhammed's death, Abu Bakr marched with Usama's troop to Syria to give him assistance. Upon gaining merit, Abu Bakr returned to Madinah to resume his position as caliph. This is photo is the map of Syria and shows various cities which Usama's army perhaps went to.

Death of Prophet Muhammed

Jun 8, 632

Prophet Muhammed dies from natural causes at the age of 63. This event marks the commencement to the rule of "The Four Rightly Guided Caliphs". This photo says Mohammed in Arabic

Abu-Bakr becomes the First Caliph

Jun 9, 632

Abu-Bakr is nominated to be the First Caliph of the Rightly Guided 4, famously known to be the first muslim outside of Muhammed's family and the father-in law of Muhammed. This photo is an art depiction commemorating Abu Bakr.

The Ridda Wars or the Wars of Apostasy

Period: Jun 9, 632 to Jan 1, 633

The war was a bundle of physical conflicts between Arab tribes after the death of Prophet Muhammed. The tribes were ultimately defeated by Abu-Bakr.

Battle of Yamama

Dec 1, 632

This battle was fought between the forces of Abu Bakr and Musaylimah, who announced himself as Prophet. This photo depicts the battle of Yamama

Death of Abu-Bakr

Aug 23, 634

Abu-Bakr's cause of death is quite debated, some say he was poisoned to death and other say he died of natural causes. Umar ibn-al Khattab becomes the Second of the Rightly Four Guided Caliphs. This quote is said by Abu Bakr himself, but was translated to english.

Umar ibn Al-Khattab becomes the Second Caliph

Aug 24, 634

Umar had a similar to reign to that of Abu-Bakr, he maintained a strong rule. Umar was also known as the senior Sahabi of the Prophet. A translated quote by Umar.

Battle of Yarmouk and Qadisyah

Nov 1, 636

The battle of Yarmouk was the battle of Byzantine forces against the Arab of the Rashidun Caliphate. The battle of Qadisyah was the battle between the Sasanian Persian empire and the Arab forces. These battles cemented the Arabs place as a strong force. An art depiction of the Battle of Yarmouk.

Muslims Take Over Jerusalem

Apr 1, 637

The Siege of Jerusalem had initially started from Abu Bakr, though after his death, it was Umar and his forces which won Jerusalem and cemented the place to be an essential Islamic City. This photo is of a mosque in Jerusalem.

The Conquests of Umar

Jan 1, 644

During this time, Umar and his generals were able to conquer places such as Persia, Syria and Egypt. From then, the Umayyad Dynasty (when they come in power) would expand his lands even more. This picture is the conquests of Umar.

Death of Umar ibn Khattab

Nov 3, 644

Umar was assassinated by a man named Abu-Lu Lu, Uthman ibn Affan takes over as the Third to the "Four Rightly Guided Calphs"

Uthman ibn Affan becomes Third Caliph

Nov 4, 644

Uthman is prominently known to have the longest reign as caliph as compared from the other 3 Rightly Guided Caliphs, he is prominent to strengthen the position of the Caliphate. A translation of Uthman's name in Arabic

The Expansion of Islam

Jan 1, 650

Uthman was famously known to expand Islam by sending conveys to countries like China and also ordered the build of the first mosque of China. He also fascinatingly sent envoys to Sri Lanka. The photo depicts a Chinese mosque.

The Compilation of the Quran

Jan 1, 650

The Quran's compilation led to the religion of Islam truly spreading throughout the world as the writing became prominent. This photo is that off the Quran.

Death of Uthman ibn Iffan

Jun 17, 656

Uthman was assassinated by a group of protestors who invaded his home, Ali takes over as Fourth Caliph.

Ali ibn Abi Talib becomes Fourth Caliph

Jun 18, 656

Ali becomes the Fourth of the "Four Rightly Guided Calpihs", who was prominently known to be the cousin and the son-in law to the Prophet, he continued the prosperity of the Arab tribes during his rule. This photo depicts the Ali's name in Arabic

Battle of Siffin

Jul 26, 656

The Battle of Siffin was another civil uprising which eventually led to the commencement of the Umayyad Dynasty. This photo is a depiction of an Islamic battle.

Kufa becomes New Capital

Jan 1, 657

Ali moves the capital to Kufa due to the vast connections the place had. This photo shows the map of Kufa

Death of Ali ibn Abi Talib

Jan 27, 661

Ali is assassinated by a group called Kharjis, while he was praying. The group stood against Muawiya and Ali as they initially hatched a plan to kill both. This photo is the front page of a book about Ali ibn Abi Talib.