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470 BCE
Socrates
was born on 470 BCE, Athens Greece. He was a Greek philosopher whose way of life, character, and thought exerted a profound influence on Western philosophy.
Although he wrote nothing, he is depicted in conversation in compositions by a small circle of his admirers—Plato and Xenophon. He is portrayed in these works as a man of great insight, integrity, and argumentative skill. He believed in an ethical system based on human logic and reason. He also developed the “Socratic Method”. -
427 BCE
Plato
born on 427 BCE, Athens, Greece. An ancient Greek philosopher, student of Socrates, teacher of Aristotle and founder of the Academy, known as the author of philosophical works of unparalleled influence. Plato’s works blend ethics, political philosophy etc. His most famous contribution is the theory of forms known by pure reason, in which Plato presents a solution to the problem of universals known as Platonism also called as Platonic realism. He also introduced the ideal of “Platonic love". -
384 BCE
Aristotle
born on 384-322 BCE. He is a towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, who made important contributions to logic, criticism, rhetoric, and ethics. As the father of western logic, Aristotle was the first to develop a formal system for reasoning. In his metaphysics, he claims that there must be a separate and unchanging being that is the source of all other beings. While In his ethics, he holds that it is only by becoming excellent that one could achieve eudemonia or happiness -
1225
Thomas Aquinas
Was an Italian Dominican friar, Catholic priest, and Doctor of the Church. He was an immensely influential philosopher, theologian, and jurist in the tradition of scholasticism, within which he is also known as the Doctor Angelicus and the Doctor Communis. The moral philosophy of him involves a merger of at least two apparently disparate traditions: Aristotelian eudaemonism and Christian theology. For him, economic transactions, as human interactions, cannot be separated from ethics. -
Thomas Hobbes
English philosopher Thomas Hobbes is best known for his political thought. Thomas Hobbes’s moral and political philosophy is constructed around social and political order, explaining how humans should live in peace under a sovereign power so as to avoid conflict within the ‘state of nature’. His moral philosophy and political philosophy are intertwined; his moral thought is based around ideas of human nature, which determine the interactions that make up his political philosophy. -
Rene Descartes
born on (1596–1650). and a known mathematician. During the course of his life, he was a mathematician first, a natural philosopher , and a metaphysician. In mathematics, he developed the techniques that made possible algebraic geometry. In natural philosophy, he can be credited with several specific achievements: co-framer of the sine law of refraction, developer of an important empirical account of the rainbow, and proposer of a naturalistic account of the formation of the earth and planets. -
John Rawls
was an American political philosopher. His theory of justice as fairness describes a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights and cooperating within an egalitarian economic system. His theory of political liberalism explores the legitimate use of political power in a democracy, and envisions how civic unity might endure despite the diversity of worldviews that free institutions allow. His writings on the law of peoples set out a liberal policy that aims to create a peaceful order.
