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62 BCE
Augustus
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Period: 62 BCE to 14
Augustus
He became Roman Emperor when he promised to restore peace and security. While he ruled, he made many expansions, such as adding Egypt, northern Spain, and parts of central Europe. He ended civil wars between Populares and Optimates. The Senate declared him as a God when he died. -
4 BCE
Galba
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Period: 4 BCE to 69
Galba
In 40 - 42 AD he commanded the Upper German Army. He was also governor of Hispania Tarraconensis. Then, in 68 and 69 AD, he was the Roman Emperor. In 68 AD, he rebelled against Nero because he thought he was going to kill him. -
9
Vespasian
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Period: 9 to 79
Vespasian
In 43 AD during the British invasion, he was the leader of the Legio II Augusta. Then, in 51 AD, he became consul for capturing and conquering 20 towns. His job was to make finances more stable, repair discipline to the armies and secure the frontiers. -
12
Caligula
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Period: 12 to 41
Caligula
He ruled Rome from 37 - 41 AD and in 38 AD, he executed Naevius Sutorius. Sometime after he recovered from a sickness, he insisted to be treated as a God for some unknown reason. At the Palatine Games, he was murdered by Cassius Chaerea. -
15
Vitellius
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Period: 15 to 69
Vitellius
He became consul and proconsul for Africa in 48 AD.
In 68 AD, Gulba assigned him imperial governor of Lower Germany. After defeating Otho, he ruled for 10 months. He was murdered by Vespasian. -
30
Nerva
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Period: 30 to 98
Nerva
He stabilized Rome and assisted with building the foundation for a new golden era. He did many other things for Rome such as constructing and repairing roads, and renovating the Colosseum after it was demolished by a flood. He even distributed some land to the poor. -
32
Otho
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Period: 32 to 69
Otho
He governed Lusitania in 58 AD and in 68 AD, he joined Galba’s revolution against Nero. Later that year Galba was murdered and Otho was selected as Emperor. After Vitellian defeated Otho in Bedriacum, he killed himself. -
37
Nero
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Period: 37 to 68
Nero
Nero ruled Rome from 54 to 68. He tried many different ways to kill his mother but none of them worked so he had her stabbed to death. On July 19, 64 AD while Nero was ruling and people were planning to kill him, Rome set on fire and 10 districts were destroyed. People suspected that Nero set Rome on fire and he was said to be playing his lyre while he watched Rome burn. -
39
Titus
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Period: 39 to 81
Titus
He served in Britain and Germany and in 70 AD he overthrew Jerusalem. In 67 AD in Judaea, he directed a legion under his father. He ruled Rome from 79 - 81 AD. -
51
Domitian
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Period: 51 to 96
Domitian
He ruled Rome from 81 - 96 AD and he was consul 6 different times. In 85 AD, he became censor for life. After Domitian was murdered, the army wanted to punish those involved in killing him. -
53
Trajan
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Period: 53 to 117
Trajan
He ruled Rome from 98 - 117 AD and governed Upper Germany in 97 AD. He constructed many things such as the Baths of Trajan, Trajan's Forum, Trajan's Column, Trajan's Bridge, and Alcántara Bridge. He was buried in the foot of Trajan’s Column. -
76
Hadrian
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Period: 76 to 138
Hadrian
Hadrian ruled Rome from 117 AD to 138 AD. He built many cities throughout the Balkan Peninsula, Egypt, Asia Minor, and Greece.
People in Athens built the Arch of Hadrian to honor him. He also built Hadrian’s Wall in northern Britain (It was 73 miles long). -
126
Pertinax
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Period: 126 to 193
Pertinax
He ruled for 3 months in 193 AD and he raised money to rebuild the empire’s finances. When he reduced the number of Gladiator Games, his reputation plummeted and Guards and officials were unhappy. He was stabbed and then his head was put on a pole and people marched through the city with it. -
161
Commodus
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Period: 161 to 192
Commodus
Commodus ruled from 180 to 192 AD. He thought he was Hercules reborn and walked through the streets with a lion hide over his head. The Senate was forced to declare him as a God. His bath was poisoned, in hopes to kill him but it failed so his fitness instructor choked him to death. -
165
Macrinus
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Period: 165 to 218
Macrinus
Macrinus ruled from 217 to 218 AD. In 212 AD he became Praetorian Guard commander. He executed anyone that he thought might be threatening his power. He was captured and killed after he tried to hide in Rome. -
173
Maximinus Thrax
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Period: 173 to 238
Maximinus Thrax
Maximinus Thrax ruled Rome from 235 to 238 AD. When he attacked Germany, Rome’s finances dropped. As he kept trying to conquer a country, their supplies were running out very quickly which angered many people. He was eventually murdered by the Praetorian Guard. -
204
Elagabalus
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Period: 204 to 222
Elagabalus
Elagabalus ruled from 218 AD to 222 AD. Many dissident generals were executed by him. He tried to replace Rome’s religion with his own religion, the worship of Elagabal. He even brought in a black conical-shaped stone as his cult symbol. After trying to have Alexanus executed, Elagabalus was executed instead and dumped into the Tiber. -
209
Alexander Severus
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Period: 209 to 239
Alexander Severus
Alexander Severus became the second youngest emperor when Elagabalus was killed. He tried to protect Cassius Dio who had been named consul twice. With lack of military and a plan, he decided to battle Germany. He ruled with his mother because he was too young to do it alone. Him and his mother were assassinated at the same time in the same place. -
280
Constantine
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Period: 280 to 337
Constantine
Constantine was the first Roman Ruler to proclaim Christianity. He turned the empire into a Christian state. He built churches to promote Christianity. Maximian betrayed him and said that if he didn’t kill himself then he would murder him. He helped create the Edict of Milan which ensured that Christians would not be killed for their faith. -
328
Valens
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Period: 328 to 378
Valens
Valens ruled Rome from 364 to 378 AD. He ruled Eastern Rome while his brother Valentinian took the West side. He lost the Battle of Adrianople because of deficient tactics. He was then killed in Battle in Turkey. -
460
Romulus Augustulus
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Period: 460 to 476
Romulus Augustulus
Romulus Augustulus ruled from 475 to 476. He was the last Western Roman Emperor. He was almost executed with Orestes but he was left unharmed because he was young. He was then sent to live with his family and nobody ever heard from him again.
