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The Ilustration.
You can know more about this movement clicking here.We call Ilustration to the intelectual movement based on the reason that was developed in Europe (France) in the begginings of the 18th century, when the European philosophers began to examine the world through, or human intellect, rather than religious faith. They criticized the Ancien Régime. It represented a cultural modernization, the attempt to transform the structures of the Ancien Régime and the moral codes of conduct in the 18th century Europe. -
Montesquieu.
Charles Louis de Secondat, better Known as Montesquieu he was oneof the greatest philosophers of the Enlightement. He was born in France on 1689 and died on 1755.He's known for his theory of separation of powers, wich argues that the three powers (legislative, executive and judicial) shouldn't be controlled by the same person or group of people to ensure the freedom of the citizens. His greatest work was "The spirits of Law". His political ideas greatly influenced the French Revolution. -
Rousseau.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau was one of the greatest philosophers of the Enlightenment. He was born in Switzerland on 1712 and died on 1778. He defended the idea that sovereignty should be in people's hands. He wrote "Candide". His political ideas greatly influenced the French Revolution. -
Adam Smith.
He was one of the most important philosophers and economist of the Enlightenment the was born in Scotland on 1723 and died on 1729. He argued against the regulation of trade and defended a free-market economy and the defense of private property because the interests of each individual act for the common good. He wrote "The Wealth of Nations". He's considered the father of economic liberalism and capitalism. -
Voltaire.
François-Marie Arouet better known as Voltaire, was one of the greatest philosophers of the Enlightenment. He was born in France (1694 - 1778). He was famous for his advocacy of avil liberties, including freedom of religion and separation of chuch and state. He advocated a parliamentary system to limit the authority of the king and a rational tax system that didn't emanate from the third state. His most important work was "Candide". His political ideas greatly influenced the French Revolution.
