Islam

By Zachhitch14
  • 632

    The Death of Muhammad

    The Death of Muhammad
    In 632, Muhammad passed away. Muhammad was a powerful leader, and the only man who was able to unify the Bedouin tribes. People worried that without him, the faith would die out, and his legacy would not continue. His 1st caliph was Abu Bakr, who was heavily criticized.
  • 661

    Islam Begins to Spread

    Ali, the son-in-law of Muhammad, was assassinated, putting a strain on the religion and giving birth to the Umayyad Dynasty. There were now two groups of Muslims, known as the Sunnis and the Shiites. (90% of Muslims today are Sunnis) Shiites are more strict with the Koran, and the Sunnis believe the Koran is a guide.
  • 711

    Crossing the Strait of Gibraltar

    Crossing the Strait of Gibraltar
    In 711, the Muslims crossed the Strait of Gibraltar into Spain, and proceeded to move North into France.
  • 732

    The Western Spread Ends

    The Western Spread Ends
    The Muslim's advance into Western Europe was stopped due to their defeat in the battle of Tours.
  • 750

    Inter-Religion Violence

    Inter-Religion Violence
    Abu al-Abbas, leading the Abbasids, takes over the Umayyads.
  • 850

    The Arabian Empire

    The Arabian Empire
    Abbasid control over the Arabian Empire began to break down, while independant dynasties ruled other Muslim states.
  • 900

    The Seljuk Turks

    The Seljuk Turks
    The Seljuk Turks adopted Islam after migrating to the Middle East from Central Asia, and they built a large empire across the Fertile Crescent
  • 1055

    Baghdad

    Baghdad
    A Seljuk sultan had control over Baghdad, but he left the Abbasid caliph "in charge" so there wouldn't be any problems and people wouldn't criticize him.
  • 1095

    Crusaders

    Pope Urban II called for the Fist Crusade. The crusade was a group of Christians who attempted to capture and take control of Jerusalem.
  • 1099

    The Crusade Succeeds

    After a long and arduous siege, the Crusaders finally took control of Jerusalem. For the next 150 years, control of Jerusalem went back and forth between Christians and Muslims.
  • 1187

    Muslims take control of Jerusalem

    The Muslim general Saladin forced Christians out of Jerusalem, giving Muslims sole control over Jerusalem.
  • 1216

    Genghiz Khan

    Genghiz Khan
    Genghiz Khan led the Mongols out of Central Asia and across Persia and Mesopotamia and took over a ton of land in Asia.
  • 1258

    Abbasid Dynasty Ends

    Genghiz's grandson, Hulagu, burned down Baghdad, killing the last surviving Abbasid caliph.
  • Period: 1300 to 1399

    The Fall of Islam Begins

    Tamerlane, a mongol leader, led his armies toward the Middle East, capturing Persia and Mesopotamia, and eventually invading Russia and India.
  • 1492

    Islam Loses Spain

    Christian forces had been fighting hard for a long time trying to take back control of Spain. They finally captured Spain, and forced the Muslims out.
  • 1520

    Death of Selim I

    Selim became the first Ottoman caliph, which doubled the size of the Ottoman Empire