Isam Timeline

The death of Muhammad, Abu Bakr becomes successor of Muhammad

632

Caused a strain between the Muslim people. Abu spends years reuniting Muslim people and goes on successful military conquests. (helps lead to downfall and then spread)

Ali (son-in-law) is assasinated which causes Islam to split into two different branches. Sunnis vs Shiites.

661

Sunnis and Shiites fight (split of religion). Sunnis believe the caliph does not have to be decedents of Muhammad. Start of the rise of the Umayyad Dynasty (helps lead to downfall)

Islamic armies invade Spain and move to France

711

(helps lead to spread of Islamic empire)

Islamic army is defeated at the battle of Tours

732

First battle lost in 100 years. :( (helps lead to downfall)

Abbasids (new dynasty) conquer Umayyads (muslim territories)

750

Abbasids go through capital, defeats them, then invites ruling members of Umayyads to dinner and kills them all. (ends arab dominance over Islam, becomes religion for everyone). Baghdad gains power (helps with the downfall of Islamic empire)

Abbasids start to lose power in the Arab empire

850

Outsiders come in and start to break apart Arab empire. (helps to the decline of Islamic empire)

Seljuk Turks migrate from Central Asia to Middle East

900

more powerful than Abbasids (helps with downfall)

Abbasid Caliph is left as figurehead of Baghdad by previous Seljuk sultan

1055

Turks take control (helps with downfall)

Seljuk interference with christian pilgrims (to Jerusalem)

1095

Seljuk Turks (though converted), did not care about people of the book like the original Muslims did. (helps with downfall)

European, Christian crusaders take control of Jerusalem

1099

People of the book can have pilgrimages again (helps with decline)

Christians get kicked out of Jerusalem (by Salah al-din)

1187

(helps with spread)

Genghis Khan leads Mongols into Asia and Middle East

1216

Mongol armies soon return. Terrifying and powerful. (helps with downfall)

Grandson of Genghis Kan (Hulagu) burns Baghdad to ground :(

1258

Fire kills almost everyone including Abbasid caliph (helps with downfall)

Mongol army led by Timur invades Middle East

1300

Mongols keep overrunning Muslim territories (helps with downfall) (plague begins)

Christians seize last remaining Muslim stronghold in Spain

1492

Last of Muslims are kicked completely out of Europe (helps with downfall)

Islamic empire grows under Suleiman (leader of new Muslim, Ottoman empire)

1520

basically a restart to Islam (helps with spread)