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The Turko-Egyptian rule of Sudan
When the Turko-Egyptian ruled, they had a trade with other countries and they also had the slave trade. The Turko introduced the arabic culture and language. (ppt.) -
The end of the Turko-Egyptian rule
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British Colonization
The British took over Sudan and divided Sudan into two halves: northern Sudan and southern Sudan. The British invented the southern policy and gave the northern Sudan everything while they gave southern Sudan nothing. The development in southern Sudan was very poor while the citizens in northern Sudan were very well off with everything they had. (http://www.eisa.org.za/WEP/sudoverview3.htm) -
Britain’s Southern Policy in Sudan
The British closed Southern Sudan when they colonized Sudan and they completely left Southern Sudan isolated and closed to other countries. No countries got into Southern Sudan and Southern Sudanese people didn’t go anywhere. The reason was because the British thought that the Sudanese people weren't ready for the outside world yet so they just did what they did. (ppt.) -
The end of British Colonization
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Sudan’s Independence from Britain
The British agreed to give Sudan independence after the 1952 revolution in Egypt but the year before independence, a civil war began between Northern and Southern Sudan. Southerners, who knew independence was coming, were afraid the new nation would be dominated by the North.Northern Sudan was predominantly Arab and Muslim. Southern Sudan was predominately black, with a mixture of Christianity and Animism. http://www.lifeforsudan.org/page/905106 -
1st Civil War in Sudan
During this war, the south was helped by Israel, Ethiopia and Uganda whereas the north were helped by Russia, where, at that time, had a lot of weapons compared to the others. Southern Sudan had a rebel group called Anya Nya. The war lead to having Arabic as Sudan’s official language and English as a primary language in the south. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Sudanese_Civil_War) -
The end of Britain's Southern Policy in Sudan
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Anya Nya is Created
Anya Nya was a rebel group formed by Joseph Lagu as the military wing of the Southern Sudan Resistance Movement (SSRM). The SSRM had been against the northern dominated Sudanese government since independence in 1956. The Anya Nya fought the First Sudanese Civil War from 1963 until 1972, when Joseph Lagu and the Sudanese
president, G.M. Nimeiry, signed the Addis Ababa Agreement.
http://africanhistory.about.com/od/glossarya2/g/Anya-Nya.htm -
Nimeiri Becomes President in Sudan
May 9, 1969 Gaafar Mohammed Nimeiri took over democratic government. Nimeiri was the president until 1985, when he was replaced by Mohammed Taha. (ppt.) -
End of 1st Civil War
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Oil is First Discovered in Sudan
Oil was discovered in southern Sudan in 1978. North Sudan wanted the oil for themselves when they had pretty much everything and the south Sudan didn’t have anything. (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095300) -
2nd Civil War
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SPLM/A is Created
SPLM/A was created in 1983-1989 it was given up when Omar al bashir became president. (ppt.) -
Nimeiri was replaced by Mohamed Taha
Mohamed Taha replaces Nimeiri as president in 1985. -
Omar Al-Bashir Becomes President
Omar Al-Bashir became president in 2005. He was elected because of popular votes. The problem was that the people of Sudan claimed that the election was unfair. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omar_al-Bashir) -
Major Famine in Sudan
In 1989, a drought hit Sudan, causing a major crop failure. This left thousands of innocent civilians starving. The government didn't send any food or water to the Southern part of Sudan. (ppt.) -
The Darfur Conflict Starts
In 2003, fighting began in western Sudan region between the Sudanese Northern government and rebel groups. The rebels were protesting and they were being ignored. The Arab janjaweed were paid to kill the rebels. They starved, murdered, tortured and raped the fur people. (http://www.history.com/topics/darfur-conflict) -
ICC Declares Genocide in Sudan
In 2009, the ICC (International Crimes Court) chose to declare that president Omar Al-Bashir committed crimes of humanity and should be punished. (http://www.opendemocracy.net/article/sudan-the-icc-and-genocide-a-fateful-decision) -
South Sudan’s Independence
South Sudan became a country of its own and got independence in 2011. The celebration was held in Juba, a town in Southern Sudan. South Sudan is ruled by President Salva Kiir Mayardit. He promised to deliver good services and that corruption is not an option for him. On the day of the celebration, however, the presidents of every other neighboring country came to the celebration except President Omar Al-Bashir. http://www.voanews.com/content/juba-south-sudan-celebrates-second-independence-day/16
