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The encourage of the foreign traders (Slave)
From the mid 1800s,foreign trders encouraged hostile tribal groups to raid each other for tresures including ivory and slaves. -
Britain Egypt Control
Sudan was ruled under British-Egyptian control between 1899 and1956 until they gained their independence, with Darfur joining the protectorate in 1916. The North and South were kept separate by their Anglo-Egyptian rulers until 1946. -
The slave trade in the late 19th Century
Slaves in the Sahel of Africa in hundreds of years old, and Sudan was a very active participant in the slave trade until early this century. The south-western region of Bahr al-Ghazal was one of thr most prominent centers of slave trading on the Africa continent in the late 19th Century -
The Arams and the christians
The south is the christians and the North are the Arabis. These two religions did not work together during the war and even today -
The Juba conference organization
In 1947 Southern Policy was abandoned after the Juba Conference organized by the colonial government,at which southern chiefs agreed with northern nationalists to pursue a united Sudan.A crash program of integration followed. -
The British,Northerner and Southerners Sudan on self-rule
In the eyes of Southerners,"Sudanization" was effectively" Northernization". Southerners were not represented at the 1953 Cairo Conference on self-rule on the grounds that had "no pary or organization" -
Sudan Civil War 1955-1957
Sudan has been at war with itself for more than three quarters of its existence. This protracted conflict is rooted in the cultural and religious divides that characterize the country. Northerners who have traditionally controlled the country have sought to unify it along the lines of Arabism and Islam despite the opposition of non-Muslims, southerners, and marginalized peoples in the west and east. -
General Ibrahim Abboud Persecutes the South
In 1958, General Ibrahim Abboud seized power and pursued a policy of Arabization and Islamization in the south that strengthened southern opposition. General Abboud was overthrown in 1964 and a civilian caretaker government assumed control. Southern leaders eventually divided into two factions, those who advocated a federal solution and those who argued for self-determination, a euphemism for secession since it was assumed the south would vote for independence if given the choice. -
Colonel Nimeiri takes power
In May 1969, a group of communist and socialist officers led by Colonel Gaafar Muhammad Nimeiri, seized power. A month after coming to power, Nimeiri proclaimed socialism (instead of Islamism) for the country and outlined a policy of granting autonomy to the south. Numeiri in turn was the target of a coup attempt by communist members of the government. It failed and Numeiri ordered a massive purge of communists. This alienated the Soviet Union, which withdrew its support. -
Three problems facing the people in hunger
Poverty,Famine and Violence are in the people of south Sudan and it is killing people from money -
The Second Civil War begins
The second Sudan civil war effectively began in January 1983 when southern soldiers mutinied rather than follow orders transferring them to the north. -
Nimeiri Overthrown
In April 1985, while out of the country, Nimeiri was overthrown by a popular uprising in Khartoum provoked by a collapsing economy, the war in the south, and political repression. Gen. Suwar al-Dahab headed the transitional government. One of its first acts was to suspend the 1983 constitution and disband Nimeiri’s Sudan Socialist Union. -
Popular Backlash
Meanwhile, the period of the 1990s saw a growing sense of alienation in the western and eastern regions of Sudan from the Arab center. The rulers in Khartoum were seen as less and less responsive to the concerns and grievances of both Muslim and non-Muslim populations across the country. Alienation from the "Arab" center caused various groups to grow sympathetic to the southern rebels led by the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A). -
Before Independence
In the first two decades of the 20th Century the British conducted a "population" campaign in Southern Sudan and the Nuba Mountains. -
South Sudan Independent
On 9 July 2011 Sudan split in two creating the world’s newest nation – the Republic of South Sudan. South Sudan’s independence was the final stage of a 6 year peace agreement ending decades of civil war.
