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John Parkington
The idea of using mould as a form of treatment was recorded by apothecaries, such as John Parkington, who suggested the use of mould in his 1640 book on pharmacology. -
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History of Antibiotics
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Sir John Scott Burdon Sanderson
A doctor who started out at St. Mary's Hospital, UK. Discovered in 1870 that culture fluid covered with mould would produce no bacteria. -
Joseph Lister
An English surgeon , interested by Burdon-Sanderson's discovery, was able to investigate and describe in 1871 that urine samples contaminated with mould prevented the growth of bacteria. He also described the antibacterial action on human tissue of what he called Penicillium glaucum. A nurse at King's College Hospital whose wounds did not respond to any antiseptic, was then given another substance called penicillium that cured her. -
William Roberts
Observed that bacterial contamination is absent in cultures of the mould Penicillium glaucum. -
Unknown Scientist
Bacillus anthracis was shown to cause anthrax. This was the first demonstration that a specific bacterium caused a specific disease. -
Louis Pasteur and Jules Francois Joubert
Discovered that bacteria could kill other bacteria, and created the first vaccines ever in history. They discovered these by working with chickens and found that they could not reinfect chickens with the same virus after giving them the vaccine. -
Ernest Duchesne
Ernest Duchesne at École du Service de Santé Militaire in Lyons discovered healing properties of a Penicillium glaucum mould, even curing infected guinea pigs from typhoid. He published a dissertation but this was ignored by the Institut Pasteur. However Duchesne was himself using a discovery made by Arab stable boys, who were using moulds to cure sores on horses. -
Sir Alexander Flemming
Sir Alexander Felmming is likey the most famous biologist in antibiotic history. While cleaning his lab he noticed a ring of inhibition of bacterial growth around a contaminant blue-green mould on a Staphylococcus plate culture. He concluded that the mould was releasing a substance that was inhibiting bacterial growth. He grew a pure culture of the mould and discovered that it was Penicillium notatum. With help from a chemist, he concentrated what he later named "penicillin". -
Howard Florey and Ernst Chain
In Oxford, Howard Walter Florey organized his large and very skilled biochemical research team, notable among them Ernst Boris Chain and Norman Heatley, to undertake innovative work to produce a stable penicillin. -
Gerhard Domagk
He is credited for the first commercially available drug Sulfonamidochrysoidine or Prontisil. As a result he recieved the nobel prize. -
Selsman Waksman
Selsman Waksman discovered over 20 different antibiotics by watching organisms that lived in soil. Watching them decompose help lead to major discoveries of many major antibiotics. -
Lloyd Conover
Lloyd Conover is the inventor of Tetracycline. This was the first drug to be made by chemically altering a natural drug. He was inducted to the National Inventors hall of fame -
GlaxoSmithKline
The founding ofGlaxoSmithKline one of the largest pharmaceutical,biologics,and vaccine companies in the world. Researches advancements in antibiotics.
