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Feb 15, 1564
Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de Galilei
Galileo was born February 15, 1564. He died at age 78 on January 8th, 1642.
Galileo was a twenty year old student when he noticed a lamp swinging overhead in a cathederal. He wanted to know how long it took for the lamp to swing back and forth, so he timed the swings. He discovered something new - that the time period of each swing was exactly the same. The law of the pendulum was used to regulate clocks, making him famous Galileo was the first to spot lunar mountains and craters. -
Otto Von Guericke
Otto was born November 20th, 1602. He died on May 11th, 1686.
Von Guericke was most well known for making an air vaccuum pump. He discovered that light traveled throught the vaccuum but not sound. Later, when he tried to experiment with his contraption made of two glass bowls and other parts, he saw that it was not possible to use because the air pressure was too strong. Otto was 48 when this happened. He also created the first electric generator using static charge and a piece of sulfur. -
Evangelista Torricelli
Torricelli was born October 15th, 1608. He died October 22nd, 1647, at the age of 39.
Evangelista Torricelli became the first scientist to make a sustained vacuum and to think up the concept of a barometer. Torricelli put mercury into the sustained vaccuum and realized that the variaton of the height of the mercury daily was caused by atmospheric pressure. Torricelli made the first mercury barometer at age 36.Torricelli was an assitant to Galileo, who suggested he use mercury in his experiment. -
Blaise Pascal
Pascal was born on June 19th, 1623. He died on August 19th, 1622 at age 39.
Pascal experimented with how atmospheric pressure could be estimated in terms of weight. By taking readings of the barometer's pressure at various levels, Pascal confirmed Torricelli's theory on the cause of barometrical variations in his mid-20s. Pascal also invented an early calculator dubbed the Pascaline. It had a dial with 8 digits and was capable of solving simple math problems. -
Christiaan Huygens
Hugyens was born April 14th, 1629. He died on July 8th, 1695, at age 66.
Hugyens had theories on collision and motion of matter. He created new formulas for the motion of matter, discrediting Discrete's laws and making his own. He passed on his views to the Royal Society in 1668, when he was 39.
Christiaan was influenced by Galileo Galile, René Descartes and Frans van Schooten. -
John Dalton
Dalton was born on September 6th, 1766. He died on July 27th, 1844, at age 78.
Dalton is most known for "Dalton's Law", made in his mid-30s. He discovered pressures put on gases, which made him think that gases weren't a chemical solvent but a mass of particles that make up a gas. He experimented more on gases and found the total pressure of a gas mixture equalled the pressure exerted by individual gases in the same place.
Dalton was red/green colorblind, which is nowadays called Daltonism. -
Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro di Quaregna e di Cerreto
Avogadro was born on August 9th, 1776. He died on July 9th, 1856, at age 79.
Avogadro is famous for his law that states that the relationship between the masses of the same volume of different gases (at the same temperature and pressure) amounts to the relationship between their individual weights. He was 32 when he created said law.
Avogadro published two papers on his work in 1815 and 1821.
