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Galileo
He was a professor at the University of Padua, his interest in ships got him into the pump. Galileo conducted a suction-pump experiment at a well in Italy. He lowered a tube into the well and drawed water up it, but the water would not pass the height of 9.7 meters -
Evangelista Torricelli
Torricelli questioned Galileo's assumption that air didn't have any weight. He believed the water stayed at a constant level due to the forces of the air limiting, how much water was able to be held in the tube. Torricelli used mercury in an experiment instead of water and it stopped at a much lower height becasue mercury is much more dense. This concluded his assumption about the weight of the air causing the liquid stop at a certain height. -
Otto Von Guericke
He created the vacuum pump made out of metal which was formed into a spherical shape usuing two half circles because he believed it was the best shape to withstand pressure. He first did this experiment, withdrawing a substance from a box, with water which is how he discovered what shape and material to use, but he eventually used air instead of water in the pump. He discovered that is was the atmospheric presssure held the two hemispheres together, not the acutal pump itself. -
Blaise Pascal
He continued to do work with Torricelli's barometer. He conducted several experiments which included traveling through mountains. Using the barometer, he discovered that when you are at different altitudes so, as you increase your height (move up the mountain) the atomspheric pressure decreases and the opposite happens when you decrease you height. -
Christiaan Huygens
He created the manometer to study the elastic forces in gases. It was a device that measured the preessure of liquids and gases. -
John Dalton
He discovered that the total pressure given off by a mixture of gases is equal to the partial sums of the pressures given off by each individual gas. -
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
He discovered that gases at constant temperature and pressure combine to create a product or products. -
Aeadeo Avogadro
He thought that the pressure in a containter to directly related to the number of particles also in the same container. So the more added to a container the greater the pressure becomes.
