Egyptian Pharaohs

Djoser

2686 BCE

Djoser was the pharaoph of the 9th dynasty. He was known for his contribution of construction of the famous Step Pyramid at Saqqara. It was made to protect the tomb of Pharaoh Djoser and was created by stacking blocks in the mastaba fashion. It has inscriptions engraved and it was very stable. It was finished by his official, Imhotep, after his death.

Khufu

2589 BCE

Khnum Khufu was the 2nd pharaoh of the 4th dynasty. He belonged to the Old Kingdom and his greatest contribution was the Great Pyramid of Giza. It has remarkable architecture and is made up of limestone and mud bricks. It has three chambers that is believed that they were filled with precious jewels and artefacts that have been stolen.

Hatshepsut

1507 BCE

Hatshepsut was the fifth ruler of the 18th dynasty of Egypt and the most successful female pharaoh to ascend the throne of Egypt. She reigned for over 21 years. Although the status of women in Egypt was high, female pharaohs were rare. She accomplished many construction projects and many foreign trade routes over her reign. She was well liked by the people of Egypt and built a temple for herself.

Thutmose lll

1481 BCE

Thutmose III was the heir to the 18th dynasty of Egypt and his reign lasted for 54 years. He died at the early age of 56, but made many accomplishments for Egypt and was considered one of the greatest. He was known as "Napoleon of Egypt" because he was very violent and participated in many wars. He expanded the Egyptian kingdom and contributed to the construction of the temple of Karnak. His mummy was discovered in the Valley of the Kings, where he was buried with other pharaohs.

Amenhotep III

1391 BCE

Amenhotep III was the 9th pharaoh of the 18th dynasty. He had a great impact on the economy, contributed a great deal to the field of art by building the many monuments, statues, and stone scarabs. He was the pharaoh with the largest number of his own statues.

Akhenaten

1380 BCE

Akhenaten was a pharaoh of the 18th dynasty. He was not popular because he tried to change the religious tradition to monotheism,or the worship of only one god. After his death, the people destroyed his statues and went back to the old way of worshiping. Later, his son Tutankhamun reversed his fathers religious reforms.

Tutankhamun

1341 BCE

King Tut was the most famous pharaoh of all time. He had a short reign, but introduced many religious reforms. He was not well know for his achievements, but for his nearly intact tomb. His mummy allowed Egyptologists to conduct valuable research into the process of mummification.

Ramessess II

1303 BCE

Ramessess was the third pharaoh of the 19th dynasty and they called him "the Great Ancestor." He had a famous military career, many architectural triumphs, and built extensive amounts of monuments that are a proud part of Egyptian heritage. He died at the age of 90 and was buried at the Valley of Kings. His remains where sent to archaeological authorities in France for restoration.

Xerxes l

519 BCE

Xerxes I was the fifth king of the Persian Achaemenid dynasty. He is know in history for his attempted invasion of Greece in the Battle of Thermopylae. He is known as both a Persian ruler and a pharaoh. He was assassinated by his own commander and was not portrayed positively in the history books.

Cleopatra VII

69 BCE

Cleopatra VII was also know as Cleopatra Philopator and was the last pharaoh of the Ptolemaic Kingdom. She was the daughter of Macedonian general Ptolemy I Soter. She improved the economy, foreign relations, and politics during her reign. Her ascension to the throne was challenged by her brother, and she committed suicide at 39 years old. She had great influence on drama, plays, documentaries, and movies that were made about her life. After her death, the Egyptian Empire came to an end