Arab sind

The Early Muslim Conquests

By aovalles2711
  • Period: Jan 1, 633 to Jan 1, 651

    Capture of Mesopotamia and Persia

    This timespan displays the time when the Muslim forces conquered and took control over the lands of Mesopotamia and Persia. Also known as the Conquest of Iran, this Muslim conquest actually led to the eventual decline of Zoroastrianism in Iran. The conversion to Islam was usually by threat or extortion. It would become the dominant religion of the land into the Medieval Ages.
  • Jan 1, 634

    Muslim Conquest of Syria

    Muslim Conquest of Syria
    In 634, Syria was invaded by Khalid ibn al-Walid. In taking an unconventional route into the land, al-Walid and his 8000 men invaded by entering Northern Syria and attacking the right flank of the Byzantine army. The Byzantines were already occupied with the Muslim forces in Southern Syria, thus resulting in their defenses being overcome. In regards to the veracity of the Muslim armies, it is even recorded that al-Walid and his men traveled two days without water in route to the land!
  • Period: Jan 1, 634 to Jan 1, 641

    Period of Arab Conquest in Syria

    Although Muslims forces had appeared at the borders of Southern Syria before 632, the invasion of Syria did not occur until 634.
  • Nov 1, 636

    Capture of Jerusalem

    Capture of Jerusalem
    In 636, Abu Ubaidah led the Rashidun army into capturing Jerusalem. After six months, Patriarch Sophronius agreed to surrender to the Rashidun caliph. In April of 637, Caliph Umar traveled to the City of Jerusalem to accept the submission and did so.
  • Period: Jan 1, 639 to Jan 1, 642

    Conquest of Egypt

    Ruled by Byzantine power, Egypt held significant importance for its grain production and naval yards. Despite difficulty advancing into the territory because of the Nile Delta and poor machinery, the Muslim armies were able to conquer the people of the land because of a lack of reinforcement from Constantinople.
  • Jul 6, 640

    The Battle of Heliopolis

    The Battle of Heliopolis
    A decisive battle for Egypt, the Battle of Heliopolis was the decisive fight that dictated control over the land. The Muslim army would succeed in defeating the Byzantine forces.
  • Jan 1, 642

    The Capitulation of Egypt

    The Capitulation of Egypt
    In 642, Alexandria surrendered to the Muslim forces, as it was the last major center of Egypt to stand at this time.
  • Period: Jan 1, 711 to Jan 1, 714

    Conquest of Sindh

    Notated as the first large-scale Arab campaign in the Indus Valley, the Conquest of Sindh occurred when General Muhammad bin Qasim invaded in 711.
  • Period: Jan 1, 711 to Jan 1, 714

    Conquering of the land of Maghreb

    In a time of sporadic expedition, Arab forces, were able to capture Carthage in 698 and Tangiers in 708. This lead to many Berbers joining the Muslim forces. Ironically, a major Berber revolt ensued against Umayyad rule in 740. After several battles, the caliphate finally regained control in 742.
  • Jan 1, 712

    Muslim Conquest of Sindh

    Muslim Conquest of Sindh
    In 712, Al-Hajjaj, the Governir of Basra led a battle against Sindh's ruler Dahir, and would defeat Dahir. Despite the victory over Dahir and his army, the Muslims failed to establish a permanent reign in India.