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P.A. Levene
Levene determined the basic structure for nucleotides that made up DNA.
he also described the chemicals and structure of the nucleotides. -
Fredrick Griffith
he saw that the smooth strain (S) is coated in sugar, which causes pneumonia, and there is a a noncoated strain called rough strain (R) Through his expiriment he concluded that the S strain killed the mouse, while the R strain didnt.
He found that one strain could be transformed, or changed, into the other form.
He set the stage for the search to identify the transforming of substances. -
Oswarld Avery
Off of Griffith's idea, Avery discovered the molecule that transformed the R strain of bacteria to the S strain. He concluded that when the S cells in Griffith's expirement were killled, DNA was released.
This idea wasnt widely excepted by the scientific community and many questioned it and expirimented trying to determine if DNA was actually the result for the transfer of genetic material. -
Erwin Chargaff
Chargaff analyzed the ammounts of adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine in the DNA of various species.
the ammount of Guanine is almost equal to the ammount of thymine in species. C=G T=A -
Rosalind Franklin
Her and three other scientists saw the importance of chargraffs data. she and her other scientists provided pivital imformation for answering the DNA strcuture question.
she invented the x ray and took the first photo 51 and collected data. -
Maurice Wilkins
in 1951, he was at King's College in London working on a technique called X-Ray diffraction. it involved aiming X Rays at the DNA molecule. -
Hershey and Chase
they published that there was evidence that DNA is the factor that transforms.
they tracked the DNA radioactively as the bacteriophagies infected and reproduced.
there expiriments made scientists more comfortable with the idea that DNA is genetic material -
Linus Pauling
he found out about triple helix. he also was the founder of the quantum chemistry and molecular biology -
Crick and Watson
measured the width of the helix and the bases of the spaces. hey built a model of the double helix. they proposed important molecular features
they published a one page letter that sggested the structure of DNa and hypthesized a method for replication.
