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570
Muhammad is born in Mecca
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Period: 570 to Nov 4, 633
Rule of Muhammad
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Nov 4, 610
Muhammad is visited by the angel Gabriel
The angel recites the first revelations and tells Muhammad he is God's prophet. -
Nov 4, 622
Muhammad and his followers move to the nearby town of Yathrib
People accept Islam in Yathrib (Medina). This marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. -
Nov 4, 630
Muhammad goes back to Mecca with a bunch of his followers.
Eventually all of Mecca accepts Islam. -
Nov 4, 633
Muhammad dies of illness
The Muslim people elect his father-in-law Abu Bakr as caliph/successor. -
Period: Nov 4, 633 to Nov 4, 661
Abu Bakr rule
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Nov 4, 641
Muslims go into Egypt and defeat the Byzantine army.
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Nov 4, 655
Islam starts to spread throughout North Africa
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Nov 4, 661
Imam Ali is killed.
This was the end of the rule of the 4 "righteous caliphs" (Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali). This is also the beginning of the Umayyad rule. -
Period: Nov 4, 661 to Nov 4, 750
The rule of the Umayyad
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Nov 4, 711
Muslims go into Spain in the west and India in the east.
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Nov 4, 732
Muslims are defeated at Potiers in France by Charles Martel.
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Nov 4, 750
The Abbasids take over from the Umayyads.
The "seat of power" is now in Baghdad. -
Period: Nov 4, 750 to Nov 4, 1517
Abbasid rule
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Nov 4, 1000
Islam continues to spread through Africa.
Nigeria served as a trading connection between northern and central regions of Africa. -
Nov 4, 1099
Jerusalem is taken from the Muslims by European Crusaders.
Eventually, the Muslims regain control of the holy land from the Crusaders. -
Nov 4, 1120
Islam spreads through Asia.
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Nov 4, 1299
The earliest Ottoman state is created in Anatolia, Turkey
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Nov 4, 1453
The Ottomans conquer the Byzantine seat of Constantinople and rename it to Istanbul.
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The state of Israel is formed.
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Muslims enter the area north of Arabia