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Bombings
In 1999, there were 65 confirmed aerial bombings of civilians in southern Sudan. -
The start of the second Civil War
The second civil war erupted in 1983 when President Jaafar Nimeiri introduced Sharia Law and reneged on the Addis Ababa Agreement’s provisions for a referendum in Abyei -
The First Civil War
In the first civil war, from 1955 to 1972, southern insurgents, called the Anya Nya, fought against GOS for greater autonomy. By 1969, Anya Nya controlled most of southern Sudan. -
Sudan gaining Independence
On January 1, 1956, Sudan gained independence from the Anglo-Egyptian Condominium, the joint British and Egyptian government that administrated Sudan. -
The Rebel Group
In 1971, the rebel group integrated into the Southern Sudan Liberation Movement, or SSLM, the precursor to today’s Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army, or SPLM/A. -
The First Civil War Ended
The war ended with the 1972 Addis Ababa Agreement between SSLM and GOS, which granted significant regional autonomy to southern Sudan on internal issues, and also promised the Abyei area, located on the north-south border, the right to hold a referendum to determine whether they would remain a part of northern Sudan or join the newly formed Southern Region. -
Sharia Law
The SPLM/A fought against GOS until 1989, when the parties reached a peace agreement and suspended Sharia Law. -
Omar Al-Bashir
However, on June 30, 1989 a military coup led by Omar Al-Bashir overthrew the Sudanese government and repudiated the peace agreement. -
Peace from Within
1997’s “Peace from Within” movement included Khartoum, Nuba Mountains, and Fashoda agreements, but ended when the government clashed with other uninvolved rebel factions. -
Second Civil War comes to an end
The second civil war came to an end with the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005.
