𝐑𝐨𝐝𝐫𝐢𝐠𝐨 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐋𝐮𝐜𝐢𝐚 𝐓𝐢𝐦𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐞

𝔐𝔲𝔥𝔞𝔪𝔪𝔞𝔡 𝔴𝔞𝔰 𝔟𝔬𝔯𝔫.

570

Muhammad was born in this year.

𝔐𝔲𝔥𝔞𝔪𝔪𝔞𝔡 𝔗𝔢𝔞𝔠𝔥𝔦𝔫𝔤𝔰.

Period: 610 to 632

the teachings of Muhammad were collected in the koran, the holy book for Muslims. Caliph Abu Bakr ordered the writting of the book. it also dictates codes of behaviour.

ℌé𝔤𝔦𝔯𝔞.

622

In 622 Muhammad fled to the city of medina. This marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. He fled from Mecca to Medina to escape persecution.

𝔄𝔯𝔞𝔟𝔦𝔞𝔫 𝔱𝔯𝔦𝔟𝔢𝔰.

630

Many arabian tribes converted to islam.

𝔐𝔲𝔥𝔞𝔪𝔪𝔞𝔡 𝔡𝔦𝔢𝔡.

632

Muhammad died. Most Arabs were Muslims and the Arabian peninsula had politically unified.

𝔗𝔥𝔢 𝔉𝔦𝔯𝔰𝔱 4 ℭ𝔞𝔩𝔦𝔭𝔥𝔰.

Period: 632 to 661

The first four caliphs were chosen from Muhammad´s family members.

𝔘𝔪𝔞𝔶𝔶𝔞𝔡 𝔇𝔶𝔫𝔞𝔰𝔱𝔶.

Period: 661 to 750

The Umayyad dynasty from Syria seized power and made Damascus the capital. They led a great expansin, conquering the Iberian Peninsula and other regions.

𝔅𝔢𝔯𝔟𝔢𝔯𝔰 𝔄𝔯𝔪𝔶.

711

An army of Berbers led by an Arab minority crossed the Strait of Gibraltar and defeated the Visigoths in the Battle of Guadalete, in which King Roderic died.

𝔗𝔥𝔢 ℑ𝔟𝔢𝔯𝔦𝔞𝔫 𝔓𝔢𝔫𝔦𝔫𝔰𝔲𝔩𝔞.

712

The Iberian Peninsula was conquered but in the Cantabrian mountains, the Christian resistance will begin.

𝔅𝔞𝔱𝔱𝔩𝔢 𝔬𝔣 ℭ𝔬𝔳𝔞𝔡𝔬𝔫𝔤𝔞.

Period: 718 to 722

Battle of Covadonga. Muslims in Asturias. It was a war between the kingdom of Asturias and the troops of al-Andalus

𝔄𝔟𝔟𝔞𝔰𝔦𝔡 𝔇𝔶𝔫𝔞𝔰𝔱𝔶.

Period: 750 to 1258

The Abbasid dynasty defeated the Umayyads and took over the Caliphate , moving the capital to Baghdad. During this period, some provinces separated themeselves from the central power.
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𝔏𝔞𝔰𝔱 𝔪𝔢𝔪𝔟𝔢𝔯 𝔬𝔣 𝔱𝔥𝔢 𝔘𝔪𝔞𝔶𝔶𝔞𝔡 𝔣𝔞𝔪𝔦𝔩𝔶.

756

The last member of the Umayyad family, Prince Abd al-Rahman, fled to Al-Andalus

𝔄𝔟𝔡 𝔞𝔩-ℜ𝔞𝔥𝔪𝔞𝔫 ℑℑℑ.

929

929 Abd al-Rahman III plocaimed himself caliph and established the Caliphate of Córdoba (independent territory from the authority of Baghdad)

ℑ𝔫𝔱𝔢𝔯𝔫𝔞𝔩 𝔯𝔢𝔟𝔢𝔩𝔩𝔦𝔬𝔫𝔰.

1000

Internal rebellions and attacks by the Christian kingdoms

ℭ𝔞𝔩𝔦𝔭𝔥𝔞𝔱𝔢 𝔬𝔣 ℭ𝔬𝔯𝔡𝔬𝔟𝔞.

1008

The Caliphate of Córdoba began to break up

𝔇𝔦𝔳𝔦𝔰𝔦𝔬𝔫 𝔬𝔣 𝔄𝔩-𝔄𝔫𝔡𝔞𝔩𝔲𝔰.

1031

Al-Andalus was divided into more than 25 independents kingdoms called taifas

ℑ𝔰𝔩𝔞𝔪𝔦𝔠 𝔈𝔪𝔭𝔦𝔯𝔢.

1453

The Turks took over the 1453 Islamic Empire. They conquered Constantinople.

𝔑𝔞𝔰𝔯𝔦𝔡 𝔎𝔦𝔫𝔤𝔡𝔬𝔪.

1492

Nasrid kingdom of Granada was the only territory that survived the Christian advance