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STAGE 1: FOCUSED ON PRODUCTS: Quality inspection after production.
FOCUSED ON PRODUCTS: Quality inspection after production. -
STAGE 2: FOCUSED ON PROCESSES: Quality inspection during the manufacturing process
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QUANTITIVE SCHOOL
(Increasing quality of managerial decision-making through the application of mathematical and statistical methods). -
SYSTEMS SCHOOL
(Understanding the organization as a system that transforms inputs into outputs while in constant interaction with its' environment). -
TECHNICAL FOCUS
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STAGE 2: FOCUSED ON PROCESSES: Quality inspection during the manufacturing process
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Walter Andrew Shewhart March 18, 1891, New Canton, Illinois, USA
Dr. Shewhart created the basis for the control chart and the concept of a state of statistical control by carefully designed experiments. -
William Edwards Deming(October 14, 1900 – December 20, 1993) Sioux City, Iowa
Deming created 14 points which provide a framework to developing knowledge in the workplace and can be used to guide long term business plans and aims. -
Shigeo Shingo (1909 - 1990)Saga City, Japan.
The relevance of his contribution has sometimes been doubted upon, but it is substantially confirmed by the opinions of his contemporaries, many saw him even as a contributor to the fundamental concepts of TPS, such as Just in time, and the “pull” production system, which were created by Toyota and Mr.Taiichi Ohno and still remain a strong logical and practical basis for the lean production andlean thinking management approaches. -
STAGE 3: FOCUSED ON SYSTEM: Quality assurance throughout the system
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Armand Vallin Feigenbaum (April 6, 1922 – November 13, 2014) New York City, New York.
He was an American quality control expert and businessman. He devised the concept of Total Quality Control, later known as Total Quality Management (TQM). -
Kaoru Ishikawa (July 13, 1915 - April 16, 1989) Tokio, Japan.
He is considered a key figure in the development of quality initiatives in Japan, particularly the quality circle. He is best known outside Japan for the Ishikawa or cause and effect diagram (also known as fishbone diagram) often used in the analysis of industrial processes. -
STAGE 4: FOCUSED ON PREVENTION: Continuous improvement, reducing non-quality costs
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Joseph Moses Juran (December 24, 1904 – February 28, 2008) Rumania, Braila.
He was an evangelist for qualityand quality management, having written several books on those subjects.
•Juran was one of the first to write about the cost of poor quality. -
STAGE 5: FOCUSED ON PEOPLE: Employee training, quality circles
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HUMAN FOCUS
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BEHAVIORAL SCHOOL
(Understanding human behavior in the organization). -
CLASSICAL SCHOOL
(Managing workers and organizations more efficiently). -
CONTINGENCY SCHOOL
(Applying management principles and processes as dictated by the unique characteristics of each situation). -
STAGE 6: FOCUSED ON COSTS: Loss function
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Genichi Taguchi (January 1, 1924 - June 2, 2012) Tokamachi, Japan
Taguchi developed a methodology for applying statistics to improve the quality of manufactured goods. •Taguchi loss function, used to measure financial loss to society resulting from poor quality. -
STAGE 7: FOCUSED ON CULTURE: Cultural change in the organization
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Edgar Henry Schein(March 5, 1928) Zurich.
According to Edgar Schein - Organizations do not adopt a culture in a single day, instead it is formed in due course of time as the employees go through various changes, adapt to the external environment and solve problems. -
STAGE 8: FOCUSED ON SERVICE: Customer satisfaction
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STAGE 9: REORIENTED ON PROCESSES: Process reengineering
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STRATEGYC FOCUS
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CONTEMPORARY "SCHOOLS" OF MANAGEMENT THOUGHT
(Management research and practice continues to evolve and new approaches to the study of management continue to be advanced). -
STAGE 10: GLOBAL FOCUS: Total Quality Management, excellence throughout the organization and value system
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Mikel Harry
Historically speaking, Six Sigma has evolved from a quality improvement tool in the mid 1980�s to a fact-driven system of business management in the 2000�s. Over the last 20 years there have been many events and contributions that have shaped Six Sigma -
Armand Vallin Feigenbaum (April 6, 1922 – November 13, 2014) New York City, New York.
He was an American quality control expert and businessman. He devised the concept of Total Quality Control, later known as Total Quality Management (TQM).
