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Period: Sep 1, 1500 to
Population
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Sep 1, 1534
Jacque Cartier's 1st Voyage
In 1534, he explored Gulf St. Laurent. Thought he saw gold, but was actually just timber and fur. -
Sep 2, 1535
Jacque Cartier's 2nd Voyage
In 1535, Jacque headed up to Quebec. The natives taught them how to survive the winter and scurvy. -
Sep 2, 1541
Jacque Cartier's 3rd Voyage
In 1541, he attempted to set up a colony and convert the natives which failed. -
The failed 1st establishment
In 1605, the King of France tried to create the first settlement in Nova Scotia. It failed because of the distance for the Indians. They didn't want to go all the way there to trade with the french. -
1st Settlement
Samuel de Champlain created a trading post in Stadacona. It became the first settlement. They called this new settlement Québec because it comes from the word narrowing. -
The Company of One Hundred Associates
The goal for the king was to populate New France. By starting this company, he was able to do so. The imigrants who came were mainly men who wanted to trade fur or battle -
2nd Settlement
The second settlement wsa fonded by Sieur de Laviolette. He found Trois-Rivière to be the best stop because it let the furriers communicate with one another. -
3rd Settlement
This settlement was created in Ville-Marie by Paul Chomedey. The purpose of this settlement was to convert the Amerindians. It also became a trading a post later on. This settlement was located in the heart of the Ameridian territory. -
The First Intendant
The first intendant was John Talon. The job of an intendant was to be incharge of all the new settlements and to help with the planning of the territory. John Talon however had different mesures to attract more people to populate the colony. -
The Soldiers
There job was to go make peace with the Iroquois. After three years, they were successful in doing that. After making peace, John Talon offered them money and land as insentives for them to stay in New France. -
Filles du Roy
The job of the Filles du Roy was to balance out the proportion of women to men. Once they got to New France they became bacholorettes to get married to a man as fast as they can. The men they can choose from were more likely to be the ones that already owned a house. -
The Engagés
The Engagés were hired for a three year period to work on the St. Laurent Valley. They engagés were trade men. They worked with clothing, transportation etc, but they lacked work experience. After 3 years they were given a choice t ogo back to France with the title of Master Craftsman. They were still encouraged to stay in New France. -
Increase of Population
By this time the birth rate increased a lot. In New France, each mother had at least 9 kids if not more. The natural growth of population became more popular than the immigration growth. All the kids got married at young ages and shortly after had children of their own. -
The Loyalists
During the American Revolution, tens of Loyalists left the country to settle else where. Some were forced to settle in British territory, but most of them settled in Québec because they were farmers. -
Increase of Immigration
The immigration was increasing very fast. 15% of the population was facing poverty problems due to the unemployment which was really high. The britished told the unemployed families to emigrate to its colonies. Canada became a welcoming land for settlement. -
The Slow Birth Rate
The birth rate slowed due to the the French Canadians who emigrated to Canda West or the United States. Some reasons of why they left include: -Agricultural crisis
-Damaged or destroyed harvest by bad weather or disease
-Not enough land because of the population growth -
The French Canadian Population
About 200 000 people that were French Canadian in the rurual regions emigrated to the United States. They worked in the factories or they were craftsmen or farmers. When they moved, they found work in the United States in construction, textile and shoe industries. -
British North Amrica Act
The Canadian federation took the responsibility for Indian affairs to the federal government. Immigration was shared between the federal and provincial government. -
Diversity Within The Immigrants
At this time the birth of the Canadian federation was created. It was led by the federal government, John A. Macdonald. The point of this federation was to encourage the immigrants to settle in Western Canada. A lot of the immigrants who came were from Great Britain or Eastern Europe. -
The Indian Act
To clarify that the reserves remain in the hands of the government. They gave authorization for the Natives to use these reseves. Before the Second World War the North West territories were mainly for the Ameridians, but after that war the provincial government took the initiative of creating new projects without telling the Amerindians. No treaty was signed for this act. -
Incerease of Immigrants
When the Second World War ended, Canada started letting in people with divers features. Canada started a sponsorship program allowing immigrants who are already settled in Canada help their family be immigrated there too.
