Islam Timeline

By mlouden
  • 632

    632

    632
    Muhammad dies in Mecca. This is significant because he was the only one to unify the Bedouin tribes and his followers were plunged into grief.
  • 661

    661

    Ali(son-in-law to Muhammad) became the fourth caliph, but was assassinated in struggle for leadership. It is significant because it left Islam without a successor.
  • 711

    711

    711
    The Muslims crossed Spain and push north into France. This is significant because it helped to spread the Islam religion.
  • 732

    732

    732
    In 732 the Muslims were defeated at at the battle of tours, but they still ruled in Spain, Africa, and Asia. This is significant because this defeat halted their advance.
  • 750

    750

    Angry Muslims found a leader in Abu al- Abbas who captured Damascus in 750 and he founded the Abbassid. The Abbassid helped make Islam a universal religion by ending Arab dominance.
  • 850

    850

    Abbasid controlled over the Arab empire fragmented. This is significant because independent dynasties ruled separate Muslim states.
  • 900

    900

    900
    The Seljuk Turks migrated to the Middle East from Central Asia. They adopted Islam and built a large empire. The empire spread the religion of Islam.
  • 1055

    1055

    1055
    Seljuk sultan controlled Baghdad but left the Abassid caliphas a figurehead. As they pushed into Asia, they threatened the Byzantine empire. They also interfered with Christian pilgrims traveling to Jerusalem which called for the first Crusade. Crusades made an impact on the amount of Muslims in the world.
  • 1095

    1095

    1095
    The first crusade was called by pope Urban II. The crusade caused a battle between Christians and Muslims.
  • 1099

    1099

    Christian crusaders captured Jerusalem. The city passed back and forth between Muslims and Christians.
  • 1187

    1187

    1187
    The Muslim general, Salah al-Din, or Saladin, ousted Christians from Jerusalem.
  • 1216

    1216

    Genghiz Khan led the Mongols out of Central Asia across Persia and Mesopotamia. The Mongol armies returned again and again.
  • 1258

    1258

    1258
    Hulagu, Genghiz's grandson burned and looted Baghdad, killing the last Abbassid caliph. After this the Mongols adopted Islam.
  • 1300

    1300

    Another Mongol leader Timur the Lame, or Tamerlane, led his armies into the Middle East. Even though he was a Muslim, Tamerlane's ambitions led him to conquer Muslim and non-Muslim lands. Before this the army beat Persia and Mesopotamia.
  • 1492

    1492

    The Christians seized the last Muslim stronghold. During this time, Spain grew as a Muslim civilization.
  • 1520

    1520

    1520
    The "Golden Age" began. This began under the sultan, Suleiman the Magnificent because be conquered new land and ruled for many years. This is when the religion was really set into place.