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foreign traders
from the mid 1800s however foreign traders encouraged hostile tribal groups to raid each other for tresre including ivory and slaves -
Mahdi
The tribes of the west rallied to the Mahdi's call for a war against the infidels and despots and, early in 1884, the Mahdi was master of all Sudan save Khartoum -
General Herbert Kitchener
In September 1898 the Anglo-Egyptian force led by General Herbert Kitchener met the Khalifa's 60,000 warriors on an open plain outside Omdurman, the new Sudanese city built across the Nile. Khalifa's casualties comprised 10,800 killed and 16.000 wounded, and Kitchener entered Omdurman as a conqueror -
Britain and Egypt signed a condominium agreement
On January 19, 1899 Britain and Egypt signed a condominium agreement under which the Sudan was to be administered jointly. -
jallabe made thir fortunes in the slave trade
in the early 19th century the "jallaba" a group of northern muslim traders mosty from the slave trade although some also worked as boatmen and soldiers ,they sent the slaves oveland to makkets in the noth and kept them in enclosures with throny fences,called zaribas,en route. -
series of laws
in the 1920a a series of laws the closed distrists ordinances placed tight controls on access to the south the nuba mountains ,darfur and southern blue nile,whos peoples - after " pacifiction "-were not regarded as needing protection -
organized by the colonial goverment
in 1947 southern policy was abandoned after the juba conference organized by the colonial goverment at whitch southern chiefs agreed with northen nationalists to pursue a united sudan -
southerners were not represented in 1953
southerners were not represented in 1953 cairo conference on self-rule on the grounds that they had "no party or organaztions" -
when and what triggers the second civil war
it started in january 1983 the southern soldiers mustinied rather than follow orders tranfering them to the north -
in 1983
shari's law was incorporated in to the overment system: two punishments that could result from the islamic code are they declared arab is the offical language of the south. trsfered control southern arned foces to the central goverment. -
nimeiri overthrown
in april 1985 nimeiri was overthrown because a popular upspring in khartum provoked by a collapsing economy ,the was in the south and political repression -
the 1990s
alienation from the "arab" center caused various groups to grow sympathetic to the southerm rebels led by the sudan people called liberation movement -
slave trading - africa
the south western region of bahr al-ghazal was one of the most pormited centers of slave trading on the african continent in the late 19th century -
800 administrative posts were vacted by the british and sudanized as self rule
800 administrative posts were vacted by the british and sudanized as self rule was introduced with a westminster style parliament -
northern politicians allocated just four of these posts to southerners
northern politicians allocated just four of these posts to southerners a reflection both of racislprejudice and the inadequacy of southern education
