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Unity of Command
Fayol believed in the principle that an employee should only follow the orders from one boss. By doing this there would be no confusion on orders. (Jones,2014) -
Henri Fayol's Principles of Management
At the turn of 20th century, Henri Fayol identified 14 business principles that he believed essential in increasing efficiency of the management process. The fourteen principles were: the division of labor, authority and responsibility, unity of command, line of authority, centralization, unity of direction, equity, order, initiative, discipline, remuneration of personnel, stability of tenure of personnel, subordination of individual interest to the common interest, and Esprit de corps(Jones,14) -
Max Weber
In the turn of the 20th century, Max Weber, a German sociology professor, developed the principle of bureaucracy. Bureaucracy is a formal system of organzation and adminstration designed to ensure efficiency and effectiveness. (Jones,2014) -
Scientific Management
Early in the 20th century, the theory of scientific management was founded by Fredrick W. Taylor. The purpose of the scientific management theroy is to study the relationship between tasks and people for the purpose to increase efficiency by redesigning the work process. (Jones, 2014). -
Yoichi Ueno
Yoichi Ueno was known as the father of the Japanese efficieny movement by bringing the scienitific management theroy and the American "efficiency craze" to Japan. (Tsutsui,2001) -
Henry Ford's Assembly Line
Between the yeras of 1908 and 1914 Henry Ford and his team produced the first assembly line. This was very significant because Ford combined specialization and the moving assembly line to increase efficiency to be able to achieve mass production. (Jones, 2014) -
The Gilberths
Frank and Lillian Gilberth refined F.W. taylor's scientific management theroy and made contributions to the time-and-motion study. This study was used to 1) analze individual action and break it into component actions, 2) find more efficient ways to perform the component action, and 3) reorganize the component action so the whole action could be carried out more effieciently (Jones, 2014) -
Henry L. Gantt
Like F. W. Taylor, Henry L. Gnatt is related to and is considered one of the founders of scientific management. Gantt furthered Taylor's ideas by inventing the bar chart and developing the concept of incentive pay. Gantt's bar chart schedules and the advanced schedule forms are some of the most essential tools in project management. (Darmody, 2007) -
Mary Parker Follett
Mary Parker Follet is closely related to management as is considered by some as the mother of management.She is considered to be a main contributer to the management thought in the Human Relations Period. Mary believed that if workers had relevent knowledge then the workers' instead of managers, should be in charge of the work process. (Jones,2014) -
Hawthorne Experiments (1927-1932)
Starting in 1927 a series of experiments were preformed at the Hawthorne. Through these expeiments the term the "Hawthorne Effect" was created. “Hawthorne effect,” which
is defined very broadly by the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) as meaning “an improvement in the performance of workers resulting from a change in their working conditions, and caused either by their response to innovation or by the feeling that they are being accorded some attention.” (Levitt, S. D., & List, J. A., 2011) -
Hewlett Packard (HP Way)
Dave Packard and Bill Hewlett, founders of HP company are also credited with the management style of "wandering around". Packard and Hewlett's "HP Way" is people ortiented that stresses the importance of treating every person with consideration and respect. (Jones,2014) -
Kurt Lewin
Kurt Lewin has been considered to be the father of organization development. He is credited with this title because he used the systematic application of behavioral science knowledge at various levels to bring about planned change. (Burnes,2004). -
Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory
Abraham Maslow conducted an experiment that consisted of 27 Nigerian federal universities. The experimented studied on what managers needed to study and understand what really motivates their workers. (Ifedili, 2012) -
Peter Drucker Management by Objectives
Management by Objectives deals with a certain type of interaction, specific to a manager and his employee. Drucker believed that there was a need for commitment, responsibility and maturity. With those aspects Drucker believed a business could be effective. (Oyler, 2009) -
Tom Burns & G. M. Stalker Contingency Theroy
In the 1960's Burns and Stalker develpoed the contingency which thinks the idea of organzational structures and control systems managers choose depend on charcteristics of the external enviroment in which the organztion operates. (Jones, 2014) -
Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Y
Douglas McGregor's landmark book, The Human Side of Enterprise, changed the path of management thinking and practice by questioning fundamental assumptions about human behavior in organizations. (Kopelman, 2008) -
Robert Blake and Jane Mouton
Robert Blake and Jane Mutton are creditd with constructing a management model that conceptualizes management styles and relations. Their Grid uses two axis. "Concern for people" is plotted using the vertical axis and "Concern for task" is along the horizontal axis. The notion that just two dimensions can describe a managerial behavior has the attraction of simplicity. (Hersey, 1982) -
Supply Chain Management
The combination of art and science that goes into improving the way company finds the raw components it needs to make a product or service and deliver it to customers
