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History of Management Timeline
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Scientific Management theory
Frederick Taylor, who came out with the idea to time every worker and created the Scientific Management theory, was so-called “Father of Scientific Management”. His theory focus on making the managerial and business efficiency. He held the opinion that managers should pay attention to the relationships between people and tasks to make the work process more efficiency. (Jones, 2014) -
Principles of Management
Henri Fayol was the first to investigate the managerial behavior as well as the first to systematize it. He agreed with Frederick Taylor’s scientific management theory. Based on that, he came out 14 principles of management Fayol such as “Divison of Labor”, “Authority”, “Discipline”, and etc. He changed people’s mind of management skills that “managers are born, not made” (Jones, 2014) -
Fordism
Henry Ford’s concept that named after his name. It is a social theories that widely used in several fields. It was a revolution of the car industry due to the mass-production. It was a innovation that Ford used assembly line into mass production. -
Theory of Bureaucracy
Max Weber thought a good organization should be a bureaucracy, especially for large organizations. He thought the bureaucracy was the main point for leaders to control over others. He highly suggested to use the system based on discipline. (Jones, 2014) -
1930: Human Relation Movement
Elton Mayo, as Harvard Professor, who thought that managers should be more “people-orientated”. This movement focuses on satisfy workers’ “personal, subjective” social needs, which will increase compnay’s productive requirements. (Bosman, 2009) -
The Hawthorne studies
The Hawthorne Studies were done at Hawthorne Works, where they did experiments differing the light in the building to see what would make the workers more productive. The study showed that the light didn’t matter but the motivation for workers came from knowing they were in a study instead. (Clark, 2011) -
Sociotechnical Systems Theory
This was a theory that stated social factors made the environment for success. The environment was actually because of successful organization. The 4 key subsystems are: environment subsystem, social subsystem, technical subsystem, and organizational design. (Clark, 2011) -
Hierarchy of Needs
Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs outlined the steps that people go through in order to be motivated. They are all things that are either internal or environmentally based. (Clark, 2011) -
Leadership/Management
Drucker wrote his book The Practice of Management which outlined the 5 principles of management. In his book, he questioned “What’s our business and what should it be?” He held the opinion that people should design their organization structure. (Clark, 2011) -
Hygiene and Motivational Factors
Herzberg added to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and added hygiene to the list because it needed to be used as a motivator for the workers. He pointed out two aspects on his list: hygiene or dissatisfies and motivators or satisfiers. (Clark, 2011) -
Theory X
Douglas McGregor’s theory X would like to change the way people design personal policies and practices. It is about human behavior at work. The theory X mentions the negative felling that people have during their work, and will let them avoid it. The theory X also contain the punishment. (Jones, 2014) -
Theory Y
Also proposed by Douglas McGregor. When comparing with theory X, it is more about responsibility instead of punishment. Both theory X and theory Y effect on running organizations. (Jones, 2014) -
Contingency Theory
Tom Burns and G.M. Stalker came up with the contingency theory, which is a behavioral theory talking about the only “best” way to design organizational structures is contingent upon the internal and external situation of the company. (Jones, 2014) -
Management Grid
Created by Robert Blake and Jane Moutin, it was a two-axis grid that used “concern for people” as the verticle axis and “concern for task” as the horizontal axis to create a really simple guideline for management. (Clark, 2011) -
Supply Chain and Logistics Management
Every product has to reach a consumer and supply chain management is the discipline that helps businesses keep track of their supply chain. The logistics concept help make the transportation more efficiency. -
CEOs That Save the World
A book published by James MacGregor Burns that outlines the responsibilities that CEO’s face and need to be aware of. It is a top leader focused idea. -
Chaos Theory
Most fully explored and recognized during mid to late 1980s. Chaos Theory states that systems can be unpredictable and when a system changes it can create a similar effect across a large population. It is a scientific principle that describe the unpredictability of systems. -
Leaning Organization
Theorized and popularized by Peter Senge, a learning organization is a business or school or other organization that looks at itself internally and will gives itself a purpose and creates goals internally to lead to more success. (Clark, 2011) -
Ethics Event Malden Mills
Malden Mills Bruned in 1995, instead of laying off the 3000 workers the CEO kept them on the payroll until he could build a new mill. He created the ethical idea that workers are an asset not an expense. To prove his words, he spent millions to keep all those employees. (Clark, 2011) -
Business Process Management (BPM)
This is where a business will create a top to bottom process that creates to do lists for everyone that will eventually lead to the large goal the organization has. It addresses the first – generation of workflow solutions to improve management. (Clark, 2011)
