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Scientific Management Theory
The scientific management theory is the systematic study of relationships between people and tasks for the purpose of redesigning the work process to increase efficiency. This theory was founded by Frederick W. Taylor. -
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History of Management
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Peter Drucker
Peter Drucker is born. He is considered to be one of the most influential and wide-ranging management thinker of the 20th century. His work has provided a blueprint for the modern corporations we see today. -
Behavioral Management Theory
Mary Parker Follett came up with the behavioral management theory. This theory is the study of how managers should behave to motivate employees and encourage them to perform at high levels and be committed to the achievement of organizational goals. -
Alfred P. Sloan, General Motors
Alfred becomes the president of General Motors and creates a decentralized bureaucracy that will hepl make GM the leading car and truck manufacturer in the world. -
Hawthorne Experiments
The National Research Council co-funds the Hawthorne Experiments. These are a seris of studies to determine what motivates workers. They find that workers are not just machines working for money, as Taylor assumed, they have emotional needs that need to be addressed -
Management by Wandering Around
David Packard and Bill Hewlett form Hewlett-Packard. They had a unique supervisory style, they would leave their offices and chat with their employees. This was a motivational skill they used to encourage employees. -
The Theory of Bureaucracyy
Max Weber developed the principles of beureaucracy. This was a formal system that leads to high efficiency and effectiveness. He said a bureaucracy should have a; system of written rules and standard operating procedures that specify how employees should behave, clearly specified hierarchy of authority, selection and evaluation system that rewards emplyees fairly and equitably, and clearly specified system of task and role relationships. -
Henri Fayol
Henri Fayol identified 14 key principles that he believed were essential to increase the efficiency of the management process. These principles are; Division of labor, Authority and resposibility, Unity of command, line of authority, centralization, unity of direction, equity, order, initiative, discipline, remuneration of personnel, stability of tenure of personnell, subordination of individual interests to the common interest, esprit de corps. -
Management Science Theory
An approach to management that uses rigorous quantitative techniques to help managers make maximum use of organizational resources. -
Tom Peters
Tom Peters was a very enthusiastic management "guru" and was the author of the book, "In Search of Exellence, Re-imagine." -
Quality Management
W.Edward Deming comes up with the idea that profit comes from repeat customer, so every person in a company should be focused on making the highest-quality product possible, not just meeting management-mandated sales quotas. The idea that quality over quantity is shown to be important. -
Contingency Theory
The contingency theory is the idea that the organizational structures and control systems managers choose depend on characteristics of the external environmentin which the organization operates. This theory was brought up by Tom Burns and G. M. Stalker, Paul Lawrence, and Jay Lorsch. -
Theory X
Theory X is a set of negative assumptions about workers that leads to the conclusion that a manager's task is to supervise workers closely and control their behavior. This theory was developed by DouglasMcGregor. -
Theory Y
Theory Y is a set of positive assupmtions about workers that leads to the conclusion that a manager's task is to create a work setting that encourages commitment to organizational goals and provides opportunities for woerkers to be imaginative and to exercise initiative and self-direction. -
Transformational Leadership
James MacGregorBurns develops the idea of transformational leadership.This states that a leaders' job is to determine how his company and his employees can benefit society. He is trying to say that we need to be a benefit to our society and not just out their for the money. -
Servant Leadership
Robert Greenleaf proposed the idea of servant leadership. This states that the main role of a leader isn't to single-handedly pursue some higher goal, but to act as a servant who keeps his employees happy. -
Free Agent Nation
Daniel Pink publishes his book Free Agent Nation: The Future of Working for Yourself. This arugues that workers no longer need companies to employ them. They way the world works is changing rapidly and shortly after he published this many of his readers are pink-slipped.
