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Fredrick Griffith
The first major experiment that led to the discovery of DNA as the genetic material was performed by Fredrick Griffith in 1928. He studied two strains of bacteria: Streptococcus, & Pneumoniae. Which causes Pneumonia. He found that one strain could be transformed, or changed, into the other form. -
P.A. Levene
In 1929 he succeeded in identifying the carbohydrate in thymus nucleic acid. It is also a pentose sugar but lacks one oxygen atom of ribose and was therefore called deoxyribose. -
Linus Pauling
He was an American chemist, biochemist, peace activist, author, and educator. He was one of the most influential chemists in history and ranks as one of the most important scientists of the 20th century. Pauling was one of the founders of the fields of quantum chemistry and molecular biology. 1932 is when he started making a difference in this world with his discoveries. -
Oswald Avery
Avery's greatest discovery occurred in 1944 when he determined that genetic information is contained in the DNA of cells, correcting the time's widely held belief that proteins carried a cell's genetic information. His work led to extensive research on DNA. -
Maurice Wilkins
English physicist and molecular biologist, and Nobel Laureate whose research contributed to the scientific understanding of phosphorescence, isotope separation, optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction, and to the development of radar. His discoveries started between 1944 and 1945. -
Erwin Chargaff
In 1944 Chargaff began his investigations into the composition of DNA. By 1950 he had determined certain crucial facts that led directly to the correction of its molecular structure. He had 3 rules that state in DNA:
1.the number of adenine (A) residues always equals the
number of thymine (T) residues;
2. the number of guanine (G) residues always equals the
number of cytosine (C) residues;
3.the number of purines (A+G) always equals the number of pyrimidines (T+C) — this rule sums up 1 and 2 -
Hershey & Chase
The Hershey-Chase experiments were a series of experiments conducted in 1952 by Alfred Hershey & Martha Chase that helped to confirm that DNA was the genetic material. While DNA had been known to biologists since 1869, a few scientists still thought that proteins carried the information for inheritance. In their experiments, Hershey & Chase showed when bacteriophages, which are composed of DNA & protein, infect bacteria, their DNA enters the host bacterial cell, but most of their protein doesn't -
Rosalind Franklin
Her data, according to Francis Crick, was "the data we actually used" to formulate Crick and Watson's 1953 hypothesis regarding the structure of DNA. Franklin's images of X-ray diffraction confirming the helical structure of DNA were shown to Watson without her approval or knowledge. Rosalind Franklin discovered x-ray diffraction with the help of Francis Cricket and James Watson. between 1950 and 1953 -
James Watson & Francis Crick
James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the DNA structure in 1953.This discovery had a major impact on biology, mostly in the field of genetics. Rosalind Franklin's discovery of the chemical structure of DNA finally revealed to Watson and Crick how genetic instructions are stored inside organisms and passed from generation to generation. -
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