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Texas Revolt Began
This was significant because the Texans won and gained their independence. This loss led to Santa Anna's temporary loss of power -
The Battle of the Alamo Begins
This was significant because it was a symbolic battle that was won by the Mexicans. Because of this loss the cry "Remember the Alamo!" was used by the Texans. They used this as motivation and in the end they won -
Karl Marx Finishes Economic & Philosophical Manuscripts
This was significant because his writing of communism in this manuscript eventually become the supposed foundation of the Communist Party -
U.S. Annexed Texas
This is significant because it outraged the Mexicans and, in a dispute over the border, led the U.S. to invade Mexico -
Establishment of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
This was significant because, for one, it marked the end of the battle. It also led gave the U.S. the northern third of what used to be Mexico, including California and the American Southwest. -
Leaders Sent to Exile
Santa Anna sent leaders of La Reforma into exile which led to a rebellion two years later. This revolution eventually brought down Santa Anna's government -
Start of La Reforma
It was significant because it redistributed land, separated church and state, increased educational opportunities for the poor and, all in all helped the people -
Santa Anna Falls
This was significant because he would no longer be dictator or hurt the country. This gave way to other leaders like Juarez who would bring peace to the country -
Rebellion against Government
The liberals won and this led to the inauguration of Juárez as president -
Reelection of Juárez
This is significant because Juárez led his country to peace, progress and reform. He promoted trade, the opening of new roads, the building of railroads and the establishment of a telegraph service -
Porfirio Diaz calls for "Order and Progress"
This was significant because his slogan describes how the country was run. It was good because there was order, the currency stabilized, investment grew, railroads expanded and banks were built. It was bad though because the rich got richer and the poor suffered -
The Triple Alliance is Formed
This was made up of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy. This is significant because Germany and Austria-Hungary, which were part of the Triple Alliance, eventually call themselves the Central Powers. This is one side during WWI. Germany joins the war because their ally Austria-Hungary was in it -
Creation of the Triple Entente
Made up of Great Britain, France and Russia. They were an important group because the countries that made it up soon became the Allies along with other countries. It was significant because once Russia entered the war the other countries were forced to follow suit. -
Kaiser Wilhelm II Takes Power
This is important because he was the leader of Germany during WW I. He believed in militarism and freaked countries into forming the Triple Entente -
Proletariat Formed
This was significant because the proletariat were the working class who started a revolution wanting to rule the country -
Japan Attacks Russia
This is significant because this Russia looses the war. Since Russia had been both militarily and economically exhausted, this set the scene for the Russian Revolution -
Circulation of the Schlieffen plan
The main points in the plan included quickly defeating France in the west and getting back to Germany in time to defeat Russia. This was significant because it failed. They couldn’t take Paris and Russia's mobilization was faster than Germany thought. The failure of the plan meant that there would be no quick victory -
Austria-Hungry Annexes Bosnia-Herzegovina
This is significant because then Serbia got angry because of feelings of nationalism towards the people of Bosnia-Herzegovina. One Serbian vented this anger by killing the heir of Austria-Hungary which eventually led to WW I -
Arrest of Francisco Madero
This was significant because, from exile in the U.S., he called for a revolution against Diaz. Leaders arose in different parts of Mexico and fought against Diaz's armies causing him to step down -
Creation of the Plan of Ayla
It calls for the removal of Madero, the appointment of a new president and landowners to give up a third of their land for redistribution to the peasants. This is how the cry "Land and Liberty" was formed. This was important because most of these reforms weren't accepted by the government this enraged the Mexicans and was used as a sort of motivation later on -
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Wife Sophie
This was significant because it was used as an excuse by Austria-Hungary to pick a fight against Serbia, This murder was basically the first step in starting the war -
Governments use Propaganda
This is significant because it used one-sided information designed to persuade the public. This way the morale and support for the war was kept up. -
Kaiser Wilhelm II Declares War on Russia
He believed in militarism and believed that he had a great enough army to take on the six million troops of Russia. This is significant because the fight between these two countries eventually extended to include France and Great Britain. Now all the great powers of Europe were in the war -
Germany Attacks
German troops attack Luxembourg and Belgium and are partially successful. This was part of the Schlieffen plan which required the fall of France. This was significant because it was the first of many battles in that region of Europe and lead to a deadlock at the French-German border called the Western Front -
The Start of the Central Powers
It was made up of Germany and Austria-Hungary at this point. Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire and anybody who wanted to fight the Allies joined. They were significant because they were one side in the war -
The Battle of Tannenberg Begins
This was significant because more than 30,000 Russians were killed and Russia was forced to retreat. This all happened at the German-Russian border called the Eastern Front -
WWI becomes a Total War
This meant that countries devoted all their resources to the war effort. In each country, the government took control of the economy. This was significant because the government put nearly every able-bodied civilian to work and unemployment disappeared in European countries. -
Governments use Rationing
This is significant because under this system, people could buy only small amount of an item (such as butter) so that goods could be sent to war and be plentiful in the country. -
Trenches are Dug
By this time armies on the Western Front had dug miles and miles of trenches. This was significant because although trenches protected soldiers from enemy fire there were major downsides. They were very dirty, traumatizing, and their conditions alone killed many soldiers. Trench warfare at the Western Front only gave small land gains -
Battle at the Gallipoli Peninsula
The bad weather delays gave Turkey ample to prepare. This battle was significant mainly because the British lost. Had they won, Turkey would be out of the war. Since the failure was public, the leader at the time was replaced by David Lloyd George, an important person in the war and the conference to follow -
Italy Joins the Allies
Italy switched sides after they accused their old allies of starting a war. This was significant because they were yet another country that pledged to fight the Central Powers. They were an important ally because they shared a border with the Central Powers -
Germans sink the Lusitania
The Germans followed the policy of unrestricted submarine warfare. This was significant because in doing this they sank the Lusitania. The Germans killed 1198 people, including 128 U.S citizens. Americans were angered. This was also significant because this made them join WWI. -
"Pancho" Villa attacks Columbus, New Mexico
This was the first attack on American soil since 1812. This was important because he burnt and destroyed the town and achieved the goal of arousing the U.S. -
The Battle of Somme
The Battle of Somme killed more than half a million soldiers. The weapons of war they used included poison gas, machine guns, tanks and submarines which was significant because it made it easier to kill greater numbers of people more effectively -
Soviets Formed
This was significant because the soviets had more influence than the provisional government because the provincial government brought mostly chaos with the decision of continuing WWI -
Adoption of Mexico's Constitution
This was significant because the new document promoted education, land reforms and workers' rights. It is still in effect today -
Establishment of the Provisional Government
The Provisional Government was significant because it had to make major decisions for the country in its time of turmoil. One decision Alexander Kerensky made was to continue fighting in the war despite their losses -
Lenin Returns
Lenin returns to Russia in a time of turmoil. This is significant because Lenin and the Bolsheviks then take control of the Petrograd and other major soviets. Lenin gains power in Russia -
Bolsheviks take the Winter Palace
This was significant because they took government offices, arrested leaders of the provisional government and seized power for themselves -
The Influenza Epidemic Threatens Many
It was significant because it killed at least 20 million people worldwide making it more destructive than the war -
Wilson Announces his Fourteen Points
They were significant because they outlined a plan for achieving a just and lasting peace -
Signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
This was significant because Russia was humiliated. They had to back out of the war and give up a large portion of land. This angered the Russians even more -
The Treaty of Versailles is Signed
It was significant because Germany could either no longer have or had strict restrictions on their army, navy and air force. They had to repair war damage, couldn't manufacture any weapons and had to say that the war was their fault. The Treaty called for the League of Nations. Germany’s territories in Africa were now territories administered by the League of Nations -
The Armistice is Signed
This was significant because it lead to the end of WWI. The Paris Peace Conference is held in January 1919 after the signing to discuss the post-war world -
Clemenceau and George Begin to Write the Treaty of Versailles
This was significant because it punished Germany which created feelings of bitterness and betrayal amongst people -
Wilson wants his Fourteen Points
One of these points was self-determination which was significant because if this point was followed, it allowed people to decide under what government they wished to live. -
Emiliano Zapata Murdered
This was significant because after Zapata was set up and killed, the civil was basically over -
Woodrow Wilson gets the League of Nations
This was significant because it helped great and small states alike keep peace. Their main goal was to ensure that war on this magnitude was never to happen again -
The War-guilt Clause is Established
This was significant because no matter who started the war, Germany was always blamed. This meant that Germany had to pay reparations to the allies so war wouldn’t erupt. -
Alvaro Obregón came to Power
This was significant because Obregón policies helped unite the diverse people of his country. He promoted public education, land reform and stressed nationalism -
The First Meeting of the League of Nations
This is significant because it kept peace among nations -
Joseph Stalin Becomes Dictator
This was significant because during his reign, he created a totalitarian state and his harsh personality made him wield absolute power as a dictator -
Country Renamed U.S.S.R.
This was significant because by organizing Russia into self-governing republics Lenin aimed to keep nationalism in check. -
The Communist Party Creates Constitution
This was significant because they created this constitution based on socialist and democratic instead of Communist principles. They held all the power.
