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World History Chapter 7

By bryantet@oaklandchristian.com
  • 570

    Birth of the Prophet Muhammad

    Birth of the Prophet Muhammad
    This was significant because Muhammad was the founder of Islam a religion that still exist today.
  • Period: 597 to 626

    Wars between the Byzantine and Sasanian empires

    These wars were significant because they would result in shaping the ancient world along with spreading culture and advancing technology over the course of the war.
  • 610

    Muhammad’s First Revelations

    This was important because it was the first time Muhammad received a message from the heavens. This would later become the beginning of the Qur'an.
  • 613

    Muhammad begins to Preach the new faith

    This was important because his preachings of new faith would form the heart of the Qur'an. Also his teachings threatened the wealthy nobles in the area so they began to plot to kill him.
  • 622

    Muhammads flight (Hijra) from Mecca to Medina

    This event was important as it marked the first year of the Islamic calendar. Also his safe passage resulted in him gaining political support.
  • Period: 624 to 627

    Wars between the followers of Muhammad and the Quraysh of Mecca

    The wars are significant because they would ultimately lead to Muhammads victory and a treaty that would allow him and his followers to return to their hometown, and its holly temple in which Muhammad smashed the Idols and declared the power of the one true god Allah.
  • 628

    Muslim-Meccan Truce

    Muslim-Meccan Truce
    This is significant because it allowed Muslims to travel to Meccan to participate in wholly worship and to this day the temple in Meccan is one of the most holly places for Muslims to go and worship.
  • 630

    Muhammad enters Mecca in Triumph

    This was significant because when Muhammad returned to Mecca he spread his teachings and eventually the majority of Mecca converted to his teachings.
  • 632

    Death of Muhammad

    This was key because Muhammad had not established anyone to be the next leader or take his place which lead to temporary Chaos in the Islamic community.
  • Period: 632 to 634

    Rule of Caliph Abu Bakr

    This was important because after the time of Muhammad’s death the different clans of Islam almost broke apart but Abu Bakr one of Muhammads’ close friends was able to hold them together.
  • Period: 633 to 634

    Ridda Wars in Arabia

    Established an new religious and political movement
  • Period: 634 to 643

    Early Muslim Conquest in the Byzantine Empire

    Spread the Muslim Religion
  • Period: 634 to 644

    Rule of Caliph Umar

    Third Muslim Ruler in history, second after Mohammed
  • 637

    Arab Invasion and destruction of Sasanian Empire

    Arab Invasion and destruction of Sasanian Empire
    Fall of last great Iranian Empire before Muslim rule
  • Period: 644 to 656

    Rule of Caliph Uthman

    Second oldest rule of Islam, expanded Islam into the Fars
  • Period: 656 to 661

    Rule of Caliph Ali; first civil war

    First civil war, resulted in new rule of a Umayyad Caliph
  • Period: 661 to 680

    Mu’awiya

    Founder of Umayyad dynasty, resisted Muhammad the most and eventually gained control over Islamic tribe
  • Period: 661 to 750

    Umayyad caliphate

    Established capital in the city of Damascus which would stay capitol for nearly 100 years.
  • 680

    Death of Ali’s son Husayn at Karbala

    Created deep divisions among Muslims that last to this day
  • Period: 680 to 692

    Second Civil War

    Second Civil War among the Islamic tribes
  • Period: 744 to 750

    Third civil war; Abbasid Revolt

    Third civil war among Islamic tribes which came from the Abbasid’s revolting.
  • 750

    Abbasid caliphate begins

    Abbasid caliphate begins
    Abbasid Caliphate ruled over Middle East, western Asia, and northeast Africa.