Angus mcbride umayyads

The Umayyads and the Invasion of Iberia

By E. Maria
  • Jan 1, 656

    Uthman Assasinated

    Uthman Assasinated
    In 656, Uthman was assasinated, and succeeded by Ali, who had a more radical view of the Islamic Faith.
  • Period: Jan 1, 656 to Jan 1, 661

    First Muslim Civil War

    Sunni/Shia resulted in the first Muslim Civil War.
  • Jan 1, 661

    Ali is assasinated

    Ali is assasinated
    After Ali was assinated in 661, but the armies continued their way.
  • Jan 1, 661

    Umayyad Caliph

    Umayyad Caliph
    Muʿāwiyah then estabilished himself as the first Umayyad caliph in 661 AD.
  • Period: Jan 1, 661 to Jan 1, 750

    More information about the Umayyad Dynasty

    661 - capital to Damascus
    680 - assasination of Hussein at Karbala
    691 - completion of the Dome of the Rock
    696 - coins standardized by weight and appearance, used across empire
    732 - defeat at the Battle of Tours in France by Charles
    750 - overthrown by Abbasid faction
  • Period: Jan 1, 661 to Jan 1, 750

    Ummayads rule

    Umayyads ruled Muslim Empire from 661 A.D ro 750 A.D, as a result of the Muslim Empire expanding. During the expansion, armies advanced west into Africa, and Berbers who lived along the coast of the Sahara converted to Islam.
  • Period: Jan 1, 674 to Jan 1, 678

    Islamic Attacks

    In the West, the Roman stopped the Islamic attacks against Constantinople in 674 - 678.
  • Jan 1, 685

    Language Problems Solved

    Parts of empire had different languages - barrier to unity. Abd al-Mali, caliph in 685, solved language problems by declaring Arabic the official language across the Empire. From there he built mosques, and one of the most important building in Islam, The Dome of The Rock
    1. The borders of the empire became too fixed
    2. Rebellions happened
    3. Abbasids murdered all but one of the members of the Umayyad Dynasty, Abd al-Rahman
    4. Abd al-Rahman goes to Al-Andalus, the dynasty continues 1100-1190 AD
  • Jan 1, 711

    Strait of Gibraltar

    Strait of Gibraltar
    After Ali's death his armies continued and then crossed the Straits of Gibraltar. During this time there was a very bitter relationship between the Sunni's, and the followers of Ali, the Shiites. The Sunnis won, and established the Umayyad dynasty, with its capital Damascus in Syria.
  • Period: Jan 1, 711 to Jan 1, 718

    Conquering the Iberian

    Together the Muslims moved across the Strait of Gibraltar and conquered the Iberian Peninsula in 711 A.D. al-Andalus - Muslim ruled area in what is now Spain and Portugal. Cordoba becomes the major center.
  • Jan 1, 717

    Islamic Attacks stopped once again

    In the West, the Romans stopped the Islamic attacks against Constantinople again in 717 A.D
  • Jan 1, 732

    Charles Martel turned back to Islamic raids

    Charles Martel (leader of the Franks), grandfather of Charlemagne, turned back a series of Islamic raids into France in 732 AD at the battle of Tours. In the East, the Islamic Empire came up against the Tang Dynasty Chinese, who were also expanding their empire at this time.
  • Period: Jan 1, 750 to Jan 1, 1258

    More information about Abbasid-Seliua Empire

    1187 - Saladin recaptures Jerusalem
    1100-1190 - A Thousand and One Nights first compiled
    1258 - Mongols invade and destroy Baghdad, ending the Abbasid-Seliua dynasty
  • Period: Jan 1, 750 to Jan 1, 1492

    Muslim Spain (750 - 1492)

    755 - Cordoba estabilished as Abd al-Rahman's capital
    ca. 785 - contruction began on the Great Mosque of Cordoba
    822 - 852 - reign of Abd al-Rahman II
    929 - Abd al-Rahman III takes the title of the caliph
    1031 - end of the Umayyad dynasty
    1126-1198 - life of Ibn Rushd, Averroes
    1204 - death of Maimonides
    1300-1390 - completion of the Alhambra Palace of Granada
    1492 - end of Muslim rule in Spain
  • Period: Jan 1, 750 to Jan 1, 1258

    Abbasid Seliua Empire (750 - 1258)

    750 - Abbasid faction from eastern Iran overthrows Umayyad dynasty
    751 - Arab defeat of Chinese army introduces paper to the west
    762 - Baghdad becomes the Abbasid capital
    813-833 - reign of Al-Ma'mun, founder of the House of Wisdom
    ca. 1000 - Shahngmeh ("Book Of Kings") published
    1025 - Ibn Sing's Canon of Medicine written
    1055 - Seliua Turks gain control of Baghdad
    1096-1204 - Crusades (represents the four major Crusades, not the less important earlier and later religious wars)
  • Jan 1, 751

    Battle

    Arabs won a great battle against Chinese in 751 but the border stayed about the same from then on.