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Jan 1, 1340
Black Death
The Black Death took place in Europe around the 1340's. The Black Death was a disease that was spred by germs. Many animals and insects help spread the disease. The disease killed 1/3 of Europes population. There was 25 million people dead within 5 years. This is important because it helped develope the Renaissance Era. -
Jan 1, 1487
Dias Voyage
Bartolomeu Dias was a student of Prince Henry's school. Dias studied navavation and believed he could reach India by sailing around the tip of Africa. In 287, Dias left on his expedition. Dias omly made it to the tip of South Africa. THis is important because if he didnt go on this voyage, it wouldnt of inspired da Gama to try it. -
Jan 1, 1492
Columbus's Voyage
Christopher Columbus was from Itatly. He studied navagation. Europeans needed goods from Asai, but Europe didnt have a way to Asia. Columbus thought of the idea to sail west to reach East. He asked King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella for money. THey gave him 3 shipes- The Nina, Pinta, and Santa MAria. Columbus left Spain in 1492, but reached America, not Asia. When he arrived, he met Natives. This is important because without Columbus, North America wouldnt have been known of. -
Jan 1, 1497
Vasco da Gama's Voyage
Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer. He wanted to complete Dias voyage. Dias tried to sail around the tip of Africa to get to India. In 1497, da Gama was the first European to reach India by boat. THis is important because it proved that the Atlantic and Indian oceans were connected. -
Apr 27, 1509
King Henry V11's first Marriage
King Henry VIII was the King of England. He married Catherine of Aragon. King Henry VIII wanted a boy, so when he died a male could still be King. Henry got Catherine pregnant, but she has a miscarriage. After that she has a baby boy, which only lives to be 52 days old. Catherine has 2 more miscarriages, followed by a girl, Princess Mary. Henry get mad at Catherine for having a healthy girl. This is important because it started the English Reformation. -
Jan 1, 1513
Ponce de Leon Explores FLorida
JaunPonce de Leon was a Spanish explorer. Ponce de Lean was asked by King Ferdinand of Spain to explore an island north of Cuba. He was willing to take the mission. Around the 1500's, de Leon became soldier of Espanola. In 1508, he moved to the island of San Juan, or Puert Rico. While he was there he conquered the territory after finding gold. This is important because he found new land for people to own and live on. -
Oct 31, 1517
Posting the 95 Theses
On October 31, 1517, Martin Luther nailed a piece of paper to the door of the Wittenburg's Church. The piece if paper contained the 95 Theses. The 95 Theses were Luther's beliefs about the Catholic Church. The Pope demanted Luther to recant, or take back, his Theses. Luther refused, so he was excommunicated, or cut off, from the church. It is important becasue it marked the beginning of the Pretestant Reformation. -
Jan 1, 1532
King Henry VIII's Divorce
After marrying Catherine of Aragon and not recieving a healthy boy, Henry asked the Pope for a divorce. The Catholic Church did not allow divorces, so the Pope refused to grant his divorce. Henry was mad. He removed England from the Catholic Church. Henry created his own church. He named his church the Anglican Church, or the Church of England, and got his divorce. This is important because it allowed people to go to different churches. -
Jan 1, 1536
Anne Boleyn Beheaded
Anne Boleyn was Queen of England for three years. After King Henry divorced Catherine, he married Anne Boleyn. King Henry got Boleyn pregant, but it was a girl, Princess Elizebeth. Boleyn had several miscarriages. KIng Henry hd Boleyn beheaded. This is important because many Preotestants believe she helped pave the way for their religios reform. -
May 8, 1541
De Soto Explores Mississippi River
On May 8th, 1541, Hernando de Sota reaches the Mississippi River. Him and his 400 troops crossed the great river after building flat boats. They crosses the river at night to avoid the Native Americans. after turning back, de SOta died. His men burned his body in the river to the Indians wouldnt find out about his death. This is important because people can travel the river. -
Jamestown Establishment
THe colony of Jamestown was Virginia Company founded. King James gave 144 men permission to start a colony in VA. He have the men 2 ships-Susan Constant, Godspeed, Discovery. In 1607, the men arrive and named the land Jamestown. In 1608-09, 600 more colonist arive and 53 left. Jamestown names a leader. His name was John Smith. The winter of 1609-10, was a hard time for the colonists. In 1619, the House of Burgessess was established. This is important becasue it was the first esablished colony. -
Washinton Kills a French Ambassador
During the French and Indian war, General Braddock (British Commander) did not wasnt to loose land, so he sent a virginia soldier to talk things out. Braddock sent George Washington. While Washingto was talking with the French, he kills an ambassador. That was the start of the French and Indian war. This is important because it was the start of the war. -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris was a treaty that officially ended the war. There was 4 sides involved in the treaty-France, Spain, England, and Russia. France lost all land holdings in North America, but kept their sugar producing islands in the Caribbean. Spain kept their colonies in Noth America. Spain also gained all of the land west of the Mississippi River. England got all of the land east of the river, plus Canada. This is important because it officially ended the war. -
Sugar Act
The sugar act was passed in 1764. THis was an act that parliment placed on sugar and molasses imported from foreign countried. This is important because it established new things for the colonists. -
Quatering Act
The Quatering Act eas passed in 1765. It stated that all colonists were required to give British soldiers a place to live. Colonists also had to provide them with food. Even if colonists didnt have a place to live, they still had to give up their homes. This is important because we wouldnt have the third ammendment with out this act. -
Stamp Act
The Stamp Act took place in 1765. It was a tex placed on all printed materials. This was the first direnct tax on the colonists. When you bought papered items, you would get a stamp on the papered items. This is important because it started the Sons of Liberty. -
Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party took place in 1773. THe tea act required colonists to pay tax on tea, The colonists were sick of paying taxed, so they bought a different tea. Parliment stated that colonists were only allowed to but British East India Company tea. On December 16, 1773, the Sons of Liberty and other coolonist dumped all of the tea in the harbor. This is important because this made colonists realize they didnt need a leader. -
Second Continital Congress
The battle of Lexington took place in 1775. The sencond continental congress met three weeks after. It was a convention of the delegates from the thirteen colonies. THis was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. This is important becuase they decided to start the war that gave America independence. -
General Braddock Killed
General Braddock arrived in VA in Feb. of 1775. He took command against the French in North America. Braddocl decided to lead the troops to attack Ft. Dequesne in June of 1775. He adopted tactics used by the Natices. Braddock though the Natives we cowards. On June 9, 1775 Braddock and his troops were attacked by the Natives before they could reach Ft. Dequesne. At that moment he was killed. This is important because it showed that the Natives werent cowards like Braddock thought they were. -
Winter at Valleyford
The winter og 1777-78 was a cold winter. George Washington and his troops didnt have much shelter or supplies. Washington decided they would stay at Valleyford. They stayed in tents. But 1/3 of his troops died of illness, cold, or lack of food. This is important because it helped his troops learn how to survive in cold. -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris took place in 1783. This was a negotiotion between the United States and Great Britian. The treaty ended the revolutuionary war. It also reconized Americans independence. The continental congress name five men to negotiate te treaty. This is important because it was the official day America gained inddefendence. -
William Pitt as New Prime Misister
William Pitt was the Prime Minister of England. He realized England needed a stronger military and more troops. Pitt began to put money towards war. He also send a lot of money to troops in the colonies. This is important becasue he helped England become more succesful in war. -
War of 1812
On June of 1812, the U.S. declared war against Britain, because they tried to restrict U.S. trade. The war began in July of the same year. William Hull led the U.S. into Canada, which belonged to Englamd. Hull and his army surrendered to the British forces. So the U.S. lost the early battle. The U.S. and Britain realized who ever had controll of Lake Erie would win the war, This is important because it caused many other battles and trageties. -
Indian Removal Act
The U.S. government signed peace treaties with the Native Americans. Many Native didnt understand English that well, so the treaties were unfair. SOme Natives signed their land away. In 1830, the U.S forced many Natives off their land. They forced Natives to the east side of the Missippi River. Thousands of Natives died of diseases. This is important because it lef to the Sand Creek Massacre. Plus it made the U.S. realize that the Natives were being treated bsd. -
Oregen Trails
In 1836, settlers wanted to travel to California. They took the Oregan Trail, which led westwards to California. The trail was about a 2,000 mile trip that took about 4-6 months to travel. People either walked or took a wagon. The wagons were loaded with food and supplies for the journey. Many people died from illness or tiredness. This is important because it gave people route to California. -
Donner Party
In 1846, a group of about 90 peopole left Illinois to head west. They took the Oregon Trail towards Missouri, where there was independence. One of the Leaders of the Donner Party read that there was a shortcut. During winter of that year, they had eatem all of their food. So they started eating their children and loved ones When they were found, there was only human remains. This is important becasue it was the journey to expand the U.S. -
California Gold Rush
John Sutter, a Swiss Emigrant, arrived in California in 1839. He recieved 50,000 acres of land. In 1847, Sutter Hired a construction worker, James Marshall, to build a saw mill. While Marshall was building, he oicked something out of the water that looked like gold. He got it tested and it was gold. Soon the word got out, and everyone went to california. This is important becasue it made many people rich. -
Underground Railroad
The underground railroad was not a railroad, nor was it underground. It was a network of people and places that helped slaves escape to freedom. Thomas Garret, Harriet Tubman, and more helped slaves on the railroad. The further south the slave was, the harder it was to help them escape, but people kept trying to escape for their freedom. This is important because it gave slaves a way to escape. -
Fugitive Slave Law
The Fugitive slave law was a law that was passed as a part of the Compromise of 1850. The law stated that all citizne s were required to help return runaway slaves. If someone was found aiding a slave, they would be fined $1,000, or be sent to jail for 6 months. When a runaway slave was found, they would have to go to court. Judged would recieve $10 for each runaway slave found, and $5 if the person was not a slave. This is important because it was the first even in the Compromise of 1850. -
Dred Scott Case
Dred Scott was a slave of a military doctor. He lived in Missouri, which was a slave state. Scott often traveled with his 'owner'. While they were in Wisconson, which was a free state, the docotr dies. Scott thougth that since his 'owner' died in a free sate, he was a free man. But when the doctors family came to collect their inherritance, they wanted Scott to come with them. He sued for his freedom. This is important because his case made it to the Supreme Court. -
John Brown's Raid
John Brown was a radical abolitionist. He wanted to start a slave rebellion. Brown made a plan to raid the arsenal in HArper's Ferry, VA. He planned on giing the weapons to slaves so they can escape. Brown and his 9 sons went to virginia to complete their plan. No on told the slaves about their plan, so when they arrived at the arsena, they were captured. Brown was put on trial and was found guilty of treaason. This is important because he tried helping the slaves escape. -
The Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg was a 2 day pbattle led by General Robery Lee. He led the offensive attack. On the 2nd day of the battle, General Chamberlain (Union), secured the hill. On the third dau of the battle, General Picket (confederate) attacked the hill. The Union forced the Confederate to retreat. This is important becuase it was the turning point of the Civil War.
