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40,000 BCE
Cave Drawings
Cave drawing was one of the first ways to use educational technology. People drew cave paintings of animals or people, often using ground stone and sand mixed with animal blood to draw on rocks in their paintings. Although the exact purpose is unknown, these cave paintings may have been used to educate early humans, and to show them some stories about what happened during their lifetime. -
30,000 BCE
Oral Communication
In the oral communication period, cultural transfer and therefore teaching took place in this way. People acquired knowledge through speech. On this subject, Bates (2015) states that oral communication is one of the oldest ways used in formal teaching. -
2700 BCE
Sumerian Abacus
The Sumerian Abacus is a computational tool and originated around 2700 BC. Barber and Scholes (2014) state that various calculations were made using the Sumerian abacus. -
2700 BCE
Written Communication
In ancient times, spoken words had to become permanent. For this purpose, people began to use written communication using tools such as clay tablets. -
510 BCE
Pythagoras Academy
Pythagoras academy was founded by the philosopher Pythagoras in 510 BCE. It was the first school open. Pythagoras taught kids in Ancient Greece. -
105
Paper
Paper, which is one of the most important things that China brought to the world with the printing press, was first made from rags, and later on, materials such as wood began to be used. -
382
Manuscript Transcription
Thanks to manuscript transcription developed as a writing standard in Europe, the Latin alphabet became easily recognizable to people in different regions. -
1101
Slate Board
Slate boards were in use in India in the 12th century. -
1450
Printing Press
The invention of the printing press paved the way for the rapid expansion of formal education in Europe in the 15th century. Because with this invention, information has become much more accessible. -
Blackboards
Blackboards began to be used in schools in the early 19th century. This development shows its visible effect today by the fact that it is still used in some countries. -
Mimeograph
The Mimeograph, which allows the production of classroom materials and resembles the photocopy machine, was invented in 1875. -
Radio
Radio, which already has an informative function, increased the effect of this function after it started to be used as an educational tool. An example of this situation is the educational radio programs prepared by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) for schools in the 1920s. -
Film Strip Projector
The projector, which displayed still images from a filmstrip, was in use until the early 1980s. It was used to study a specific topic or timeline of events. -
Television
After the use of radios in the field of education, televisions began to be used in education in the 1960s. Webb & Rodgers (2009) stated that listening to and understanding TV programs is easier than radio programs and chat shows because the words heard in TV programs are supported by visuals. The development of televisions was an indicator of a new era. -
World Wide Web
The World Wide Web was officially launched in 1991. After this development, other search engines such as the creation of Google in 1999 began to flourish and are still used for teaching purposes in many fields. -
Digital Age/Online Courses
In 1995, the Web enabled the development of the first learning management systems (LMSs), such as WebCT (which later became Blackboard). LMSs provide an online teaching environment, where content can be loaded and organized, as well as providing ‘spaces’ for learning objectives, student activities, assignment questions, and discussion forums. The first fully online courses (for credit) started to appear in 1995, some using LMSs, others just loading text as PDFs or slides. -
E-Learning
Faster e-learning was achieved. Online learning in business and education merged. -
References
Barber, B., & Scholes, M. (2014). Reflections on the development of medical informatics. Acta Informatica Medica, 22(1), 18.
Bates, A.W. (2015) Teaching in a Digital Age: Guidelines for Designing Teaching and Learning Vancouver BC: Tony Bates Associates Ltd.
Edutechwiki: http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/Educational_technology
Webb, S., & Rodgers, M. P. H. (2009). Vocabulary Demands of Television Programs. Language Learning, 59(2), 335–366. -
Visual References
https://imgur.com/duGGtyD
https://images11.domashnyochag.ru/upload/img_cache/5f9/5f9f401802ddaea6870659bbe6767fcf_cropped_1040x1400.jpg
https://tr.pinterest.com/pin/527273068846545752/
https://sites.google.com/site/caeremoniahistorica/_/rsrc/1472782261044/1-prehistoria/orghanizacion/organizacion
https://tr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antik_Mısır%27da_ruh_kavramı
https://pixy.org/4742088/
https://www.bargainjohn.com/product/school-chalkboard/ -
Visual References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1820s_paper_cutter,_woodcut_engraving_by_George_Baxter.jpg
https://www.signalsmatter.com/its-a-math-thing-how-ex-items-accounting-stock-buy-backs-prove-over-valuation-in-the-sp/
https://tr.pinterest.com/pin/318348267386821906/
https://es.ihodl.com/technologies/2016-09-18/breve-historia-de-los-auriculares/?amp=1
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Film_strip_projector.jpg -
Visual References
https://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/anniversaries/september/bbc-television-for-schools
https://www.flickr.com/photos/itupictures/16662335745
https://www.eletimes.com/digital-india-initiatives-will-make-indian-government-spend
https://www.howtolearn.com/2020/06/remote-learning-and-iep-goals-for-autistic-children/
