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Carlos IV become king of Spain
He was the first king in Spain of the old regime. https://www.culturaydeporte.gob.es/fragatamercedes/historia/personajes/carlos-iv-biografia.html -
Period: to
The reign of Carlos IV
His reign finished due to the Abdications of Bayona. -
The arrival of Florida Blanca
He was named the favorite of the king till 1792. He made all the decisions that the king should have made. -
The arrival of Aranda
He was named the favorite of the king (the substitute of Florida Blanca). He only stayed in that position one year. -
Manuel Godoy
He was named the favorite of Carlos IV (the substitute of Aranda). He was also a very polemic person because he started washing horses in the Cortes with 18 years old and he finished as the prime minister with 26. He was the most important favorite of Carlos IV. -
The Trafalgar war
It was a naval battle where Spain and France became allies between Great Britain in the Atlantic Ocean. Although Spain and France got more ships, Great Britain won the battle so now they control all the Atlantic Ocean. Due to this, all Europe decided not to trade with they except Portugal. Because of that, Napoleon, the emperor of France, wanted to invade Portugal. https://enciclopediadehistoria.com/batalla-de-trafalgar/ -
The Fontainebleau Trate
It was a trate between Napoleon and Godoy to let the France soldiers entering to Spain to invade Portugal and the distribution of the country. https://elobrero.es/historalia/88940-el-tratado-de-fontainebleau.html -
Period: to
The Spanish Independence War
It started due to the coronation of José Bonaparte and finished due to the creation of the Constitution of 1812. -
The Aranjuez Rebellion
It was a rebellion lidered by Fernando VI (Carlos IV’s son) with the objective of becoming the king of Spain. https://espanafascinante.com/historia/el-motin-de-aranjuez/ -
The Abdications of Bayona
Due to the familiar problems Carlos IV and Fernando VII had (Aranjuez Rebellion) , Napoleon invite they to Bayona for “repairing” their relationship. In Bayona, Napoleon convinced Fernando VII to abdicate in Carlos IV, later, he convinced Carlos to abdicate in Napoleon and he gived the Spanish crown to his brother, José Bonaparte. So, at the end, José Bonaparte become the king of Spain. Due to this, it started the War of Independence of 1808. -
Cortes of Cádiz
As there weren’t a government in Spain due to the War of Independence, there were created the Central Assembly to govern in the not conquered zones. The Central Assembly wanted to convoque Cortes in Cadiz with the objective of creating a Constitution. https://www.culturaydeporte.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/las-independencias-iberoamericanas/segunda-fase-1810-1814/cortes-de-cadiz.html -
The Constitution of 1812
It was liberal. Also it was inspired in the France constitution of 1791. It include: separation of powers, juridical equality, centralism, catholicity as the oficial religion, national sovereignty and censitarian suffrage. https://historia.nationalgeographic.com.es/a/viva-pepa-1812-cortes-cadiz-y-primera-constitucion-espanola_10223 -
Abolition of the Constitution of 1812
Fernando VII arrived to Spain after being in Bayona. Once he arrived to Spain, he received a letter from absolutists people asking him for the restitution of the absolutism in Spain. Fernando accept the request. -
Period: to
The reign of Fernando VII
He become the king of Spain because the Constitution of 1812 said that he had to be the king, however, he become officially the king in 1814 because he was in Bayona. He died in 1833. -
The uprising of the coronel Riego
Riego made an uprising against Fernando VII with the objective of obligating him to establish the 1812 Constitution (liberal constitution). -
Fernando VII ask for help
Fernando VII didn’t want a liberal Construction, so he ask for help to other absolutist countries. Because of that, the other absolutists countries send a lot of soldier to Spain. Those soldiers were called the 100.000 sons of San Luis. At the end, thanks of that army, the absolutism was reinstalled again.
https://ocesaronada.net/quien-fueron-los-cien-mil-hijos-de-san-luis/ -
The wedding of Fernando VII
Fernando VII get married with Maria Cristina de Borbón (they were cousins), and she got pregnant. -
The pragmatic sanction
Fenando wanted a descendant, and, as he hadn’t have any, he was afraid that the child that Maria Cristina was going to have would be a girl, because there was a law called the Salic law, which said that a woman could not reign. So in 1830 Fernando created the pragmatic sanction, which allowed the reign of a woman. In the end, born a girl called Isabel. https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/edad-media/20200329/4892647944/pragmatica-sancion-ley-salica-isabel-ii-fernando-vii-carlismo.html -
The death of Fernando VII
Fernando VI died in 1833, that means that Isabel II became queen at the age of 3. As he could not reign because he was very small, his mother Maria Cristina became his regent. But there was a problem, Carlos Isidro (brother of the king), claimed the crown because if the pragmatic sanction had not existed, he would have been king.