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Charles II
After his mother, Mariana of Austria, died on 16 May 1696, Charles ruled without a regent until his death in 1700. It was his mother's intention that Charles would be succeeded by his young nephew, Joseph Ferdinand of Bavaria but he unexpectedly died in 1699. When Charles died the following year, the succession passed to the Duke of Anjou, grandson of Louis XIV of France, provoking the War of the Spanish Succession. Thus, the death of Charles II ended the Habsburg dynasty in Spain. -
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Charles II
The years of Charles's reign were difficult for Spain. The economy was stagnant, there was hunger in the land, and the power of the monarchy over the various Spanish provinces was extremely weak. Spain’s finances were perpetually in crisis. Charles' unfitness for rule meant he was often ignored, and power during his reign became the subject of court intrigues and foreign influence, particularly French and Austrian.
https://global.britannica.com/biography/Charles-II-king-of-Spain -
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War of Spanish Succession
It was a conflict that arose out of the disputed succession to the throne of Spain when Charles II, the last of the Spanish Habsburg who died without descendance. In his deathbed he named the Bourbon Philipe of Anjou grandson of Louis XIV of France. Moreover, after he was crowned many people inside and outside of Spain did not like his at all and two wars started, the civil and the European wars. Many people though that as he was French the two crowns will be united under a same monach. -
War of Spanish Succession
This pushed England and Holland to support the Austrian candidate. Finally Philipe won and all the worries about the unification of both countries were dispersed with the treaty of Ultrech.
http://www.historiasiglo20.org/HE/8a.htm
https://global.britannica.com/event/War-of-the-Spanish-Succession -
New Foundation Decrees
King Philipe V wanted to enforce absolutism and to create a central state in the french stile. To achive this he transformed the Spanish political system. The reorganisation of the monarchy sterted by abolishing the regional code laws of the crown of Aragon. This decrees were considered as a reprisal to some territories who were oposed to the new king. The decree was established in two phases, the first one in 1707 in Aragon and Valencia and the sencond one in 1715 in Mayorca and -
New Fundation Decrees
Cataluña. This decree never reached the Vasque Country or Navarra as this provinces had always been loyal to Philipe V.
http://www.nuevatribuna.es/articulo/cultura---ocio/centralizacion-espana-moderna-decretos-nueva-planta/20150702170758117723.html
http://www.ihistoriarte.com/2013/10/los-decretos-de-nueva-planta/ -
Treaty of Utrecht
It was a series of peace documents signed in the Dutch city of Utrech. It was part of a British foreign policy to make peace in Europe and don't let any country be to poweful. Besides, it ocurred to put an end to the War of Spanish Succession and to enforce the Partition Treaties. When Charles II died, he left the throne to the Duke of Anjou, Philippe de France (then known af FelipeV). many people warned about the conflict of interests so, the main objective of the treaty was to enforce -
Treaty of Utrecht
enforce that the Spanish and French crowns should never be united. To achieve this Felipe V signed that he renounce to thethe crown of France and so did the remaining French princess with the crown of Spain. The treaty olso stated that Britain shoul have Gibraltar, Minorca, Hudson Bay, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland.
http://www.heraldica.org/topics/france/utrecht.htm
http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Treaty_of_Utrecht -
Salic law
This law was enforced by the house of valois and then was acquired by the Bourbons in France. Felipe V also introduced this law which restricted womens power not to let them inherit the trone. They couldn´t reign if there was a substitute man that could reign for them but the difference with this law and the others was that here women could reign if there were no men descendants in the principal or secondarie lines of succesion. He did it because he wanted to avoid that the queen of -
Salic Law
England inherited his throne when he died. The law also avoided that her descendants could inherit the throne.
http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/salic-law-rule-succession.html
http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/tag/ley-de-sucesion-fundamental-1713/
http://www.muyhistoria.es/curiosidades/preguntas-respuestas/que-fue-la-ley-salica-491466159594 -
Peace of Rastatt
One year later of the treaty of Ultrech, Louis XV and Charles IV signed this treaty which verified the peace between France and Austria for the Spanish throne. In this treaty Spain gived all his territories in Italy to the emperor and Spain lost all it's power in the mediterranean. During the reign of Philip V his main objective was to reconquer Gibraltar and the Italian territory.
https://www.ecured.cu/Tratado_de_Rastatt -
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Count of Floridablanca.
He mainly built roads, tried to improve economy, social and cultural conditions in Spain. When the former king died he mantained his position and did very well controling the threatens awaked by the French Revolution. In 1792 his oponents locked him up in Pamplona accusing him of corruption and misuse of power. He was judged and absolved and retired from public life until 1808 that he was called to run the central supreme assebly and he died working at it. -
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Count of Floridablanca
José Moñino y Redondo I, Count of Floridablanca was a Spanish politician who knew a lot of peolple. This relation permitted him entering in the Catillian Council. He was opposed to the church, helped against the Motin de Esquilache and even supported the expulsion of the Jesuits. In 1772 he was named as ambassador in Rome in name of Charles III and his great job was reguardeed with the title of count. He was considered as an important thinker and as Jovelllanos he spreaded enlightment ideas. -
First Family Compact
Signed by Philip V of Spain and Louis XV of France who belongued to the Bourbon dynasty. Philipe was French and in orther to get the throne he had to sign not to join Frnch snd Spanish territories although there was a tight alliance between those countries. With this compact their alliance got even closer and they confronted Austria who had the Italian territory lost by Spain in the Glorious revolution.
https://www.schillerinstitute.org/fid_02-06/2004/king_carlos3spain_reduced.pdf -
The Second Family Compact
This compact was signed in Fountainebleau again by Philipe V from Spain and Louis XV of France during the the Austra's war of succession. This compact was broken by Ferdinand VI of Spain who reused to help France against England. Thanks to the alliance of Spain and England Spain got Milan, the duchy of Parma, Plasence and Guastalla.
http://javiercotrina.blogspot.com.es/2012/11/pactos-de-familia.html -
Melchor Gaspar de Jovellanos
During the reign of Philipe I he participated in the government, and finally he died pursued by the french and been very ill.
https://museos.gijon.es/page/9182-biografia-de-jovellanos
http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/portales/gaspar_melchor_de_jovellanos/autor_biografia/ -
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Melchor Gaspar de Jovellanos
Jovellanos studied canon, this permitted him achieve the job of Mayor of Crime in the Royal Audience of Sevilla. Then in 1778 the king named him mayor of house and court. He was a great thinker and his inteligence was brilliant. Due to this he studied several things along his life. He promoted the ideas of enlightment reason why he had many enemies. He was poisoned and even imprissioned for his ideas. He used this time to write and read. Moreover when Ferdinand VII took the power he was released -
Canal de Castilla
It is one of the most relevant proyects of the engineering of Spain in the enlightment. It's aim was to solve the isolation problem of Castilla and to be a path of comunication and transport. Fernando VI with the help of one of his most influyent ministers, the Marquis of Ensenada plan and build the Canal de Castilla in order to develop the economy from the full of resources Castilla. Fernando saw
http://www.canaldecastilla.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=34&Itemid=52 -
Canal de Castilla
saw that the treasury could no longuer afford the costs of the canal so the 10 of September of 1828 he decrees a Royal command so the canal can be finished by a private company. In 1831 it is granted to "Compañía del Canal de Castilla" for 80 years and then is reduced to 70 as they dind't finished the construction in the time stablished. -
Charles III
In domestic politics, he attempted to modernize society by using the absolute power of the Monarch under an enlightened program.
In line with the Enlightenment of his time, Charles III made important changes without breaking the basic social, political and economic order, enlightened despotism, with the help of a team of ministers and enlightened collaborators, such as the Marquis de Esquilache, Aranda, Campomanes, Floridablanca, Wall and Grimaldi. -
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Charles III
He ruled during (1759-1788) in spain, the first issue the king addressed was the Seven Years' War. The Spanish monarch was forced to take part in the war after the British occupation of Honduras and the loss of the French colony of Quebec, which required the Spanish intervention in the conflict to curb the British expansionism by America. In 1761 the Third Family Pact was signed and Spain entered the warlike conflict. -
The Third Family Compact
Charles III returned to the politic war directly against England with the aim of recovering Gibraltar and Menorca. To fulfil this, he signed the third Family Compact with France. This forced Spain to entre in the last part of the War of the 7 years supporting France. When France is defeated, Spain also losted territories as Sacramento or England of the two Floridas.
http://iris.cnice.mec.es/kairos/ensenanzas/bachillerato/espana/sigloXVIII_03_01.html -
Jesuits are spell from Spain
One of the reasons that make Carlos III spell jesuits from Spain was that jesuits only obey the Pope and not the king which was ruling in where they life.
http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/portales/expulsion_jesuitas/
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expulsi%C3%B3n_de_los_jesuitas_del_Imperio_Espa%C3%B1ol_de_1767
http://paseandohistoria.blogspot.com.es/2010/11/la-expulsion-de-los-jesuitas.html -
Jesuits are spell from Spain
The spell of jesuits from Spain was ordered by Carlos III. They were acussed of making up the esquilache riots one year before. Six years later the Spanish monarch obtained that the Pope Clemente XIV suppressed the order of the Jesuits. It was restored in 1814, but the Jesuits were expelled from Spain twice as much, in 1835, during the regency of Maria Cristina de Borbón, and in 1932, under the Second Spanish Republic. -
Esquilache Riots
Leopolde de Gregorio was the marquis of Esquilache, who was the prime minister of war and finances during the reign of Charles III. He traveled to the Sapanish colony of Naples and when he returned to Spain he wanted to do several reforms in the fiscal system and specially in agriculture but some bad harvest between 1760 and 1766 frustratd his plans and people rebelled. The worst part of the rebelion took place in Madrid and was known as the Esquilache Riot because someone had to be -
Esquilache Riots
to be taken the blame. Esquilache also forbid the traditional long capes and the wide-brimmed hats and replaced them by short capes and three-cornered hats as the French style that not only modernized Spanish appearance but also improves public safety as it was more difficult for bandits to conceal weapons .
https://www.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=Esquilache%20Riots&item_type=topic
http://general-history.com/esquilache-attempts-reform-18th-century-spain/ -
Charles IV
him he tried several times and when Napoleon took part in th dispute he was oblidge to sign a renounce to the Spanish throne as well as his son. This was the end of his reign.
http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/portales/reyes_y_reinas_espana_contemporanea/carlos_iv_biografia/ -
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Charles IV
This hasburg was knowed as one of the weaker kings in Spain and the most controlables of all by his wife Maria Luis de Parma and a general Manuel Godoy. Firstly he followed the advise of his father and manteined the Count of Floridablanca by his side but later he changed him by the Count od Arganda and finally by Godoy. His reign was difficult and was marked by the french revolution. When he though that thing couldn't get worse, his son tried to ovethrowe him and although forgived -
Peninsular War
Napoleon.Spaniard kept on fighting until they restored Ferdinand VII and they expulsed the French from Spain.
http://elpais.com/diario/1986/06/05/opinion/518306407_850215.html
http://www.historiasiglo20.org/HE/9a-2.htm -
Execution of Louis XVI
attempet to scape, they were imprissioned again and judged for crimes against humanity. Finally he was executed one day after he was condemned.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/king-louis-xvi-executed
http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/louis.htm -
Execution of Louis XVI
King Louis was in the wrong place at the wrong time. When he ascended to the trone in 1774 and France was facing some severe economic problems from the former reign of LouisXV. He tried to solve the situation creating States Generales with representatives of the nobles, clergy and commoners. The third stete of the commoners rebeled and declared themselves National assembly, starting the French revolution. He and Marie Antoinette were imprissioned in the Bastille and although they -
War of the Pyrenees
The war was fought in the eastern Pyrenees, the western Pyrenees, at the French port of Toulon. In 1793, a Spanish army invaded Roussillon in the eastern Pyrenees and maintained itself on French soil through April 1794. The French army drove the Spanish back into Catalonia and inflicted a serious defeat on it in November 1794. After February 1795, the war in the eastern Pyrenees became a stalemate. In the western Pyrenees, the French began to win in 1794. -
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War of the Pyrenees
The War of the Pyrenees, also known as War of Roussillon or War of the Convention, was the Pyrenean front of the First Coalition's war against the First French Republic. It pitted Revolutionary France against the kingdoms of Spain and Portugal from March 1793 to July 1795 during the French Revolutionary Wars. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_the_Pyrenees
http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/War_of_Pyrenees_France_vs_Spain_Britain.htm -
Treaty of San Ildefonso
and the third one consist on 6 months later, Spain would deliver to France the colony of Louisiana, under Spanish sovereignty from 1763 by the treaty of Paris. -
Treaty of San Ildefonso
The Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1800 was a secret agreement signed between Spain and France in the course of the Napoleonic Wars. The agreements included were three:
The French Republic would place at the disposal of the Duke of Parma Ferdinand I of Bourbon-Parma, a territory of new creation in the Italian peninsula, on which it would have consideration of king. A month after the taking of possession of the infant, Spain would deliver to France six ships of war of 74 canons each one -
Napoleon is crown as emperor
By 1799, France was at war with most of Europe, and Napoleon returned home from his Egyptian campaign to take over the reigns of the French government and save his nation from collapse. After becoming first consul in February 1800, he reorganized his armies and defeated Austria. In 1802, he established the Napoleonic Code, a new system of French law, and in 1804 he established the French empire. -
Napoleon is crown as emperor
Napoleon Bonaparte is crowned Napoleon I, in Notre Dame the first Frenchman to hold the title of emperor in a thousand years. Pope Pius VII handed Napoleon the crown that the 35-year-old conqueror of Europe placed on his own head.The Corsican-born Napoleon, one of the greatest military strategists in history, rapidly rose in the ranks of the French Revolutionary Army during the late 1790. -
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Battle of Trafalgar
Consequence of the Napoleonic plans to invade England, this battle ocurred in the straight of Gibraltar in front of the cape of Trafalgar. Spanish ships leadered by Pierre Villeneuve fought against the English leadered by Horatio Nelson. When Napoleon choose Pierre he made one of the worst decisions of his life. He was a survival of the war of Aboukir and was realy frightened by Nelson moreover, he disliked Napoleon and was against his policy. Due to this when Nelson decided to -
Battle of Trafalgar
attack the Spanish ships he broke their formation and destroyed the Spanish Ships.
http://mihistoriauniversal.com/edad-contemporanea/batalla-trafalgar/
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/battle-of-trafalgar -
Treaty of Fontainebleau
Napoleon forced the Spanish crown, Charles IV, to sing a secret treaty to invade together Portugal and then divide the territory. Charles sent his favourite, Manuel Godoy, to the french city of Fontainebleau to sign the treaty. The plan consisted on permitting French troops passing throw Spanish territory to reach Portugal and some Spanish troop were lended under the French general Jean-Andoche Junot. Nevertheless, many people started to get suspicios as the French troops remained plenty -
Treaty of Fontainebleu
of time in many cities and even entered in others that weren't in the path towards Portugal. This was an strategy planed by Napoleon to invade Spain and include it in his great Empire.
http://www.lhistoria.com/espana/abdicaciones-de-bayona
http://noticias.universia.es/vida-universitaria/noticia/2010/10/27/752445/napoleon-bonaparte-manuel-godoy-firman-tratado-fontainebleau.html -
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Ferdinand VII
position of constitutional monarch but secretly he was complicating the situation to make this new form of governance to fail. Finally he called the Holy alliance and with the help of the Cien mil hijos de San Luis under the order of the duque of Angulema he demolished the Constitutional Regime amd becomed again an Absolute monarch. Regarding to wemen, due to his big virile miembre he killed three of his wifes and only the last one was able to give him descendance. Both of his heirs -
Period: to
Ferdinand VII
and people were willing that he returned. Due to this he received the name of the desired. In 1813 with the treaty of Valençay the militaries were overtrhowed and he returned to the throne. As soon as he returned he abolished the constitution and becomed an absolute monarch. This made worst the finalcial problems of Spain. In 1820 one of his armies made a pronunciamiento under the general Riego and he was oblidged to restore the constitution of 1812. Apparently Ferdinand accepted his new -
Abdications of Bayonne
older brother Joseph I. This was the main cause of the War of Spanish Independence.
http://www.lhistoria.com/espana/abdicaciones-de-bayona
http://queaprendemoshoy.com/las-abdicaciones-de-bayona/ -
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Peninsular War
It was the name that British historians gaved to the Spanish War of Independence. People realised that the sporadic entrance of Napoleonic troops inside the peninsula to arrive to Portugal becomed an invasion. Godoy helped the royal family to scape but due to the Riot of Aranjuez he was fired. Next but not least, Napoleon oblidged the monarch to abdicate signing the abdications of Bayona. When people saw the invasion they reveled against the actual king, Joseph I, the older brother of -
Abdications of Bayonne
This were a series of abdicationns forced by Napoleon to the king of Spain and his son. Ferdinand VII was anxious to reign and wanted Charles IV, his father, out of the throne. He refused several times and even forgived his son for some plots to overthrow him. Finally, they went to France and when they got to know Napoleon's veredict about who should be the king. He obliged them to sign their abdications to the Spanish throne relinquishing of it to Napoleon who named as king to his -
Joseph I
He was proclaimed king in Madrid on 25 July. But it had to flee before the defeat of the French troops in the battle of Bailén, first to Burgos, soon to Miranda de Ebro and finally to Vitoria, where arrives the 22 of September, where it sets its headquarters and from where it directs several proclamations To the Spanish people. Finally, the intervention of the Emperor Bonaparte himself, together with the bulk of his army, succeeded in establishing his government in the capital. -
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Joseph I
His arrival in Madrid, on July 20, occurred in the midst of the Independence War, following the May 2 popular uprising against the Napoleonic troops in Madrid, which was followed by riots in the rest of the country. https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_I_Bonaparte#Rey_de_Espa.C3.B1a_.281808-1813.29
http://www.napoleon-series.org/research/government/spain/c_kingjoseph.html -
Ferdinand VII
were girls so he had to abolish the salic law with the pragmatic sanction so his heirs could reign when he died.
http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/f/fernando_vii.htm
http://www.abc.es/espana/20150326/abci-problema-genital-fernando-201503251934.html -
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Ferdinand VII
He was the son of of Charles IV. He always hurried to substitute his father in the thone and he even did a conspiration against him. When Ferdinand was discovered, he was condemned by the process of Escorial even so he was forgived by his father. Some years later he snache the throne to his father. Napoleon was informed and arrested his and his father. Moreover he made them sign the Abdications of Bayonne. While he was imprissioned in France, in Spain the first constitution was stablished 1812 -
First Spanish Constitution
Carlos IV and Fernando VII. The objective of the constitution was to ensure the rights of human citizens and limiting the power of the monarchs.
http://www.andalucia.com/history/la-pepa.htm
http://www.historiasiglo20.org/HE/9b-2.htm
http://www.congreso.es/portal/page/portal/Congreso/Congreso/Hist_Normas/ConstEsp1812_1978/Const1812 -
First Spanish Constitution
Also known as "La Pepa" or the Cadiz constitution was the first liberal constitution. Before it, there was the abdications of Bayona although it was considered as an awarded letter from Napoleon. In name of King Ferdinand a national assembly was elected. The main liberal deputies who wrote it were Agustín Argüelles, Diego Muñoz Torrero and Pérez de Castro. The constitution was the spanish response to the atteps of Napoleon to invade Spain to make the most of the dynastic problems between Carlos -
Riego's Pronunciamiento
With this pronunciamiento, the absolutist government developed by Ferdinand VII during the first stage of his reign was changed for a liberal government called the Liberal Triennium: 1820-1823.
http://www.enciclonet.com/articulo/pronunciamiento-de-riego/
http://www.pronunciamientos.rizoazul.com/pronunciamiento%20de%20riego.html
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trienio_Liberal -
Riego's Pronunciamiento
The denominated Pronouncement of Irrigation, was a coup d'etat of the progressive military, realized by the commander Irrigation the 1 of January of 1820 in Heads of San Juan. In a solemn and brilliant act of a military parade, in the Plaza de Cabezas de San Juan, Riego issues a side that promulgates the previously repealed Spanish Liberal Constitution of 1812 -
Cien mil Hijos de San Luis
The Hundred Thousand Sons of St. Louis were a French contingent with Spanish volunteers who fought in Spain in 1823 in defense of the Old Regime, by which Ferdinand VII of Spain advocated, ending the Realist War and the Liberal Triennium. https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cien_Mil_Hijos_de_San_Luis
http://www.ocesaronada.net/quien-fueron-los-cien-mil-hijos-de-san-luis/ -
Cien mil Hijos de San Luis
At the request of Ferdinand VII, France, supported by Prussia, Austria and Russia will approve the invasion of the territories at the Congress of Verona (1822). England did not participate in the congress but did not oppose the invasion, as long as the army withdrew from territory after the current government was deposed and Ferdinand VII assumed the kingdom. Any attempt of annexation or appropriation of territories would be considered like act of war by England. -
Pragmatic santion
After four marriages Fernando the VII was still without male offspring. As a result, he decided to create a law to let her daughter Isabel II inherit the throne. Once he was death, his brother Carlos María Isidro claimed the trone and this was the beginning of the First Carlist war.
http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/tag/pragmatica-sancion-1830/ -
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Isabella II
She was the daughter of Ferdinand VII and his forth wife María Cristina. Her life was very sad, she was crowned when she was three years old (her mother acted as regent queen with the general Espartero) and at the age of thriteen she helded the power. Three years later she was married with the French prince Francisco de Asís and although they had tweve children it is said that none of them belonghed to him. Isabella found refuge in relationships with various generals. -
Isabella II
She also called the liberal government, accepted the semiconstitutional regime of the Royal Estatute and her power was limitted by the constitution. Finally she was ovethowed by a military rebelion knowed as the Glorious Revolution and she went on exile hated by her nation and known as a nymphomaniac.
http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/i/isabel_ii_de_espana.htm
http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/portales/reyes_y_reinas_espana_contemporanea/isabel_ii_biografia/ -
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Carlists War 1st
It was a civil war that took place in Spain between the supporters of Charles the Bourbon from and absolutist regime and the supporters of Isabel II and the regent his mother Maria Cristina. It mainly took place in the north part of Spain and ended with the victory of Isabel. Although she begun as an absolute monarch she then changed into liberal to obtain popular support.
http://www.rutasconhistoria.es/articulos/primera-guerra-carlista-1833-1840 -
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Carlists War 2nd
This war took place mainly in Cataluña and occuered due to the lack of solutions to many political, social and economic conflicts. Moreover when the atteps of marriaging Isabel II with the Carlist candidate Louis of Bourbon were frustrated by Montemolin, who also aspired to inherit the throne, this triggered the war.
http://www.zonu.com/detail/2009-12-08-11345/Segunda-Guerra-Carlista-18461849.html
http://www.zumalakarregimuseoa.eus/es/museo/exposicion-permanente/contenidos/2.guerra-carlista -
Spanish Glorious Revolution
Isabel and her minister were very unpopular due to they extreme dictatorship, so when the economic crisis begun people were rid of her. In 1866 democrats and progresists signed the Ostende Agreement in which both parts promised to colaborate to depose the Queen. For this reason, when Isabella was in France signing an alliance with the Emperor Napoleon, a military uprising ocurred in Cadiz lead by Juan Prim and Francisco Serrano. She was overthrown due to the lack of military -
Spanish Glorious Revolution
support of her army. She had go into exile to France.
https://www.onwar.com/aced/chrono/c1800s/yr60/fspain1868.htm
http://www.historiasiglo20.org/HE/10c-1.htm -
Amadeus of Savoy
Juan Prim had been murdered and he had lost all the suport he had in the country. Amadeus did not pleased the army neither the aristocracy nor the church so he finally abdicated in 1873.
http://madmonarchist.blogspot.com.es/2012/01/monarch-profile-king-amadeo-i-of-spain.html
http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/a/amadeo.htm -
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Amadeus of Savoy
Second son of Vittorio Emanuele II of Italy and heir of theDuque of Aosta title. As he was injured in the battle against Austria, in 1869 he was named vice admiral. In 1868, with the exile of Isabel II, the general Juan Prim run out of candidates to the Spanish throne as no one wanted it and finally thought of Amadeus of Savoy that accordig to the Ultrech Treaty was sucessor of the Spanish crown. He accepted, nonetheless when he arrived to Spain to be crowned he found that -
Period: to
Carlists War 3rd
Lasting four years this carlist was was provoqued due to two main reasons: first of all, the elections of 1872 were a failoure for the Carlist candidate. This also caused the second reason, an armed uprishing that started in Cataluña and the north by the supporters of Charles VII after the overtrhow of Isabel, Amadeus of Saboy and the First Republic. Finally, the carlists were defeated by the troops of Alfonso XII and it was the last of the Carlists wars. -
First Republic
Andalucía, Levante and Cataluña claimed for a greater regional autonomy. Meanwhile, there was a lack of republicans and inside of them they were divided into Federalistas and Unitarios. Moreover, the third Carlis War was arrising and in it camed to its end with the pronunciamiento of the general Martínez Campos who begun the restoration in Spain and installed Alfonso XII under a liberal constitution.
http://www.fideus.com/esdeveniments%20-%20primera%20republica.htm -
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First Republic
This was the first time Spain had a republican government. Due to many dificulties and after Carlists, Republicans and supporters of Alfonso rejected him, Amadeus of Savoy abdicated. Thanks to this, the First republic was stablished although it only lasted for a few months. During this time, Spain was reigned by four different presidents: Estanislao Figueras, Pi i Margall, Nicolás Salmerón and Emilio Castelar. Non of them lasted as the situation of Spain was quite delicate. -
Period: to
Cuban War
This war started in Cuban territory and it's aim was to become indepent from Spain. Fiscal pressure and taxes were suffocating the economy of the island and colonials wanted the independence from Spain to get rid of it. José Martí, founder of the Cuban Revolucionary Party, wanted to expulse Spaniards from the island so he signed the Montecristi manifest. This document claimed the independence of Cuba and thanks to it many people around the island rose up. United Sates was involved -
Cuban war
envolved as they wanted to take control over the sugar production so the independence of Cuba was crucial for them. All in all, Spain signed the treaty of Paris and exchanged the colonies of Cuba and Filipines by $25 million with the United States.
http://historiageneral.com/2011/02/03/la-guerra-de-independencia-cubana-1895-1898/
https://www.loc.gov/rr/hispanic/1898/trask.html
