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Industrial Revolution
Beginning in Great Britain and quickly spreading to Western Europe and the United States, was a rise in industrialization and new technology. Companies shifted styles of production and produced their products in greater quantities. Harnessing the power of steam and introducing new innovations such as iron, electricity, and increased mining technologies. This revolution changed modern industries today and both simultaneously improved the economy and hurt the working conditions of the lower class. -
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American Revolution
The American Revolution consisted of a series of wars and rebellions due to a British colony's desire for political and cultural transformation. The significance of this event as a revolution is the formation of the United States and a transformed government in which the tradition of a monarchy is eradicated and religion is no longer a political power. Additionally, Social order by birth was replaced by capitalism. -
Declaration Of Independence
At the end of the American Revolution, the British colonies wrote and signed their own constitution, paving the way for America to become its own independent country. This is significant because the American constitution becomes a revolutionary model for other rebelling colonies and it also is one of the first post-revolution government structures that is relatively successful (compare to gov. in South America after revolutions). -
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French Revolution
As a result of being unfairly treated by the middle and upper class, the largest and lowest third estate revolted against the nobility and the French government. In a struggle against harsh taxes and demand for a voice in political decisions, they formed the National Assembly and created their own constitution, known as the Tennis Court Oath. -
Storming of Bastille
During the French Revolution, the National Assembly attacked a nearby jail in protest of the corrupt monarchy and social stratification in France at the time. Though the motive of the French Revolution was to prove a point to the nobility, the French Revolution was bloody and disastrous. This event was a significant turning point in a major European revolution. -
Haitian Declaration of Independence
With a goal of freedom and independence from the French the soon to be nation of Haiti formed their own Declaration of Independence. Organized by strong and tactful leaders like Francois Dominique, the once chaotic and sporadic revolts of the slave class turned into one of the most sophisticated and well developed rebellions of its time. Infuriated by the disloyalty of the colony, the French would send forces in an effort to control and maintain order (more direct rule). -
Haitian Independence Day
After pursuing its civil rights for 13 years, Haiti gained its independence from the French colony of Saint-Domingue in 1804. The Haitian Revolution overall was significant because this was an example of one of history's most organized slave rebellions and it resulted in the formation of a state. This slave rebellion and the liberation of slaves became a theme of this era. -
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Revolutions In Venezuela
Led by Creoles, Venezuela was one of many countries to participate in transformation in South America. The Creoles were primarily concerned for themselves for themselves and their privileges rather than the problems of free African-Americans and slaves. Revolution leader Simon Bolivar defeated the spanish armies in 1824 and attempted to create a single country from Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador. -
Independence of Rio de la Plata
After Ferdinand regained the spanish throne, local junta leaders declared independence. The new government was weak and the region quickly fell into political chaos. The unsucessful formation of the province of Rio de la Plata allowed for future transformations and with time the formation of the countries the now lay in southern South America. -
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Greek War of Independence
(also known as the Greek Revolution)
Fought by the Greek Revolutionaries against the power of the Ottoman Empire, this sucessful strive for independence was made possible because of the combined forces of Greece as well as assistance from countries like Russia, the United Kingdom, France and other European countries. Greece gaining its freedom marks a turning point in the expansion of the Ottoman Empire that was making reforms towards a revolutionary new Westernized government -
Spain Accepts Mexican Independence
11 years after the outbreak of Mexican Independence, the territory of Mexico was granted official freedom from Spain. The spanish Viceroy named Juan de O'Donoju the signed the treaty of Cordoba allowing Mexico to become an independent constitutional monarchy. Napoleons occupation of Spain influenced revlolts and revolutions in Mexico, seeing it as an opportunity to gain their own freedom. This is important because this is just one example of the struggle for large nations to maintain colonies. -
Central America splits from Mexico
Central America's disagreements with Mexico's abolition of slavery and instillment of free trade caused a revolutionary government split between Central America and Mexico- important in modern world affairs today. -
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Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas Independence
By the year 1848, the United States defeated Mexico and forced the Mexican Government to give up much of its northern territory. Having recently gained independence from Spain, Mexico attempted to further its freedom and separate from north America. As an end result Mexico lost its land to the growing frontiers of the US. The treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed as an official document declaring the peace, friendship, limits and settlements between the two nations. -
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Taiping Rebellion
The Taiping Rebellion was a massive and bloody Civil War in China. Lead by Chinese christian Hong Xiuquan, the Taiping Rebellion worked toward ideals of utopian confucianism and christianity. Advocating for a better economic and social environment, this movement picked up fast speed. Perhaps one of the most significant revolts in Chinese history- made possible by new revolutions of Christianity and new Chinese ideals. -
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American Civil War
The American Civil War was a 4 year long battle between the Union North and the Confederate South. Having two different opinions of slavery the two parts of the US fought, casuing the death of 600000 soliders and the economical collapse of the south that would take decades to reconstruct. This is considered a revolution due to the fact that the end result brought along the abolishment of slavery in America, though unfair treatment would continue for more than a century. -
Meiji Restoration
Centralizing the Japanese government and ridding of the shogunate, the Meiji Restoration reinstated the Japanese emperor. The motives for this major change were the desire for western advances. However, the Japanese still maintained eastern values. After Commodore Perry's attempt at intruding upon Japanese trade, Japan was set upon becoming a world power- which became an important revolution for WWII. -
Unification of Italy
The unification of Italy outside of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (ruled by the Hapsburgs) was completed by 1871. After this unification, German and Italian forces work togethet to accomodate the language and culture of larger states. (ADD TO) -
Unification of Germany
Germany was unified by Otto Von Bismark. The unifications of countries and formation of countries through organized revolt and political action is a common theme during this time period. Quickly Germany would grow to be an industrial, political, and economic powerhouse. German education standards and chemical technology peaked within a short time of German unification. This unification also developed a sense of German nationalism. -
Ottoman Constitution
The Ottoman reforms of the 1800’s including their new constitution, were made in effort to Westernize. Though decreasing the old Ottoman values angered Janissaries, it strengthened the overall military power of the Ottoman Empire. This was an important highlight of yet another nation reforming to Westernize. -
Brazil is last to abolish slavery
Brazil is the last country to abolish slavery which was a significant global turning point in slavery and racism. This revolution of abolishing the slave trade impacted the globe both socially and economically (especially for Brazil who was heavily dependent on slave trade) and was an important milestone in world history.
