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Revolution in Haiti
Since the French Revolution took place, people in Haiti began rising up against their French masters. A leader Toussaint L'Ouverture led a 100,000 enslaved Africans although Toussaint wasn't well aware of military matters he became a skilled general and diplomat. He agreed to halt the revolution as long as slavery.After Toussaint death Dessalines continued fight for freedom and declared Haiti an Independent country actually the first black country to have freedom from European control.(textbook) -
Mexico Ends Spanish Rule
Priest Miguel Hidalgo who was a poor but well educated man who believed in Enlightenment ideas decided it was time for a rebellion against the Spanish (grito de Dolores) Hidalgo went to Mexico city with 80,000 men his army was defeated in 1811 and Jose Maria Morelos then later took over after four years but once again was defeated. In 1820 Creoles united in support of Mexico's independence from Spain and Agustin defeated the rebel Padre Jose Morelos who proclaimed independence in 1821.(textbook) -
Simon Bolivar
Simon Bolivar was not only a brilliant general but a fighter and writer. He planned to bring the Spanish colonies of South America into a single country. The upper Peru was renamed Bolivia in his honor. Simon declared independence from Spain in 1811, in 1819 he led 2,000 soldiers on a march through Colombia he took the Spanish army by surprise and claimed victory. After winning Venezuela's independence he was not then he went to Ecuador to me Jose de San Martin where they would unit. (textbook) -
San Martin
San Martin was an Argentinian modest man he spent most of his youth in Spain and fought with Spanish against Napoleon he became liberator of Argentina, Chile and Peru. Argentina declared independence in 1816, led army to Chile joined force with Bernardo a former viceroy of Peru and with Bernardo's help was able to free Chile and then later still attempted to free the Spanish forces out of Lima so he teamed up with Bolivar and the Spanish colonies in Latin America had won their freedom (textbook) -
Brazil gains its Indepdence
Brazil logging for their Independence was very unique because there not being violent outbreaks. As Napoleon tried to close British trade route, Prince John and royal family boarded ships to leave to Brazil and after Napoleon's defeat King John returned to Portugal and his son stayed behind in Brazil. In 1822 Creoles demanded for Brazil to have it's Independence from Portugal and there was a petition signed by eight thousand, so they agreed to the terms and Brazil finally got their independence. -
Greek gains Independence
The most powerful European governments opposed government quite often, Greek gaining its independence was quite famous for people around the world. Educated Europeans and Americans were fascinated and respected ancient Greek culture. As popular support would grow for Greece the powerful nations of Europe had to join the Greeks and with the British, French and Russian fleet destroying the Ottoman fleet later all of those nations signed a treaty assuring an independent kingdom of Greece (textbook) -
Romanticism
The Enlightenment idea of reason gave way to a major movement of ideas called romanticism. It showed deep interests in nature and feelings of an individual. Romanticism went beyond feelings expressing a long rang of ideas, it emphasized inner feelings emotions and imagination. Poetry music and painting always captured romanticism It turned from reason to emotion or society to nature and rejected the so called being of a middle class, Romanticism is still found in novels, drams and films produced -
Italian Unification
Italian Nationalists were in search of leadership from the kingdom of Piedmont. Camilo was a prime minister, cunning statesman and worked to expand Piedmont-Sardinia's power.Cavour began uniting northern Italy and started helping out Giuseppe, eventually Giuseppe agreed to unite the southern areas conquered with Piedmont.In 1870 Italian forces finally took over the last part of territory (Papal States) and by achieving this victory the city of Rome was under Italian control once again (textbook) -
German Unification
Germany achieved national unity in 1800s and Prussia was ready to unify all the German states. Frederick William was brought to the throne supported by Junkers and Bismarck became realpolitik becoming commanding figure.The seven Weeks war caused Austria defeat making them have to accept more German territory. The Franco-Prussian War was final stage of the unification.The wars of mid 1800 strengthened one of the Great Power as Prussia and other German states formed Germany making it very powerful
