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Arrival in Peru
General Jose de San Martin arrives in the port of Paracas. He is supported by 8 warships full of soldiers ready to fight for independence. General San Martin has brought with him Thomas Cochrane, a leader from the Chilean Navy. Together they hope to lead Peru to independence from Spain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jose_San_Martin_1.JPG -
Pisco captured
A month and a half after their arrival at the port of Paracas, General San Martin and his forces sieze control of the town of Pisco. They do not stay here long, but this marks their first advancement since their arrival. http://www.weather-forecast.com/locations/Pisco -
Huacho Headquarters
Shortly after advancing to Pico, San Martin leads his forces to Huacho. There he establishes headquarters while Cochrane is sent on a mission. Cochrane sails north in an attempt to blockade the port of Callao in Lima. Meanwhile, further north in Guayaquil, rebel forces were occupying the city under the command of Gregorio Escobedo. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bandera_de_Huacho.jpg -
Viceroy Serna
After negotiations between San Martin and Viceroy Pazuela prove unsucessful, Pazuela named Jose de la Serna commander-in-chief of the loyalist forces. On January 29th, 1821, Jose de la Serna overthrows Pazuela and becomes the new viceroy of Peru. However, he fails to protect the city of Lima. http://www.laprimeraperu.pe/online/especial/ayacucho-yo-estuve-alli_156945.html -
Lima
While the capital city experienced internal struggle during De la Serna's overthrow and assumption of viceroy, San Martin took this opportunity to attack. Shortly after becoming viceroy, De la Serna abandoned the city. San Martin siezed the opportunity and occupied Lima. http://www.peru-expeditions.com/en/lima-city -
Declaration of Independence
Shortly after occupying Lima, San Martin declared Peru's independence and created the first flag. However, Peru did not achieve independence through force for another three years. -
Guayaquil Conference
Simon Bolivar and San Martin meet to discuss how to achieve true independence for Peru, at the Guayaquil Conference. They leave the meeting with a clear plan: Bolivar is in charge of achieving independence for Peru through military forces. San Martin helps establish a parliament, and shortly after he retires from his political affairs. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertadores -
Battle of Junin
Once the Peruvian Congress had been established, they quickly named Simon Bolivar the dictator of Peru. This gave him the ability to organize the military forces. Together Bolivar and Antonio Jose de Sucre led their forces in the Battle of Junin, where they were successful in defeating the Spanish army, even though they were far outnumbered. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar -
Battle of Ayacucho
After three years of fighting for independence, since the initial declaration made by San Martin upon their capture of Lima, Peru finally achieved independence. They defeated the spanish army in a final battle fought in Ayacucho. This battle secured independence for Peru and Alto Peru, which eventually became Bolivia.
