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Italy united (italian kingdom)
It was through the combined diplomatic and military actions of the prime minister of Piedmont Sardinia, Gavour, and Italian patriot Giuseppe Garibaldi -
the Italian socialist Party (PSI) is formed
It was first called Italian Workers Party, but adapted socialist in 1893. It focused on the working classes and representing them + the peasants -
Failed attempt to conquer Abyssinia
They failed greatly and was humiliated at the battle of Adowa -
The Italian Nationalist association + the futursit movement was founded
Was founded by Marinetti. It glorified war and criticized the liberal government for failing to make Italy a "great power" after the unification. They belived the unification was unfinished + they wanted a empire that could compete with Britian, France and New Germany -
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First world war
In the beginning Italy was with the triple alliance (Germany, austria-hungary and Italy) but in 1915 they changed to the Triple Entente (Britain, france and Russia) -
The treaty of London signed
It was a secrete agreement signed by Italy, Great Britain, France, and Russia, bringing Italy into the First World War on the Entente side. -
the coalition government led by socialist collapses
the coalition government, led by socialiast prime minister collapses and a new weak conservative coalition takes over, however they were unable to stop the increasing violence -
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Two red years
the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in October 1917 had led to widespread fear of communism across Europe. Between 1919 and 1920 there was extensive unrest in Italy that became known as the Two Red Years. During this time, the socialist attempted to catalyze a Russian-revolution. The Italian Communist Party was formed on 21st of January 1921; however the Fascist got all the support -
Election of 1921
the fascist party benefited from the post war situation. At the election in 1921, 35 seats went to the Fascist party (PNF) -
The march on rome
On October 16 1922 Mussolini met with the leading fascist in Milan and agreed that the time was right to seize powerOn October 24th, a fascist congress was held And 40,000 black shirts chanted to Rome and declared their intention to March on Rome. On the night of the 27th of October fascist squad attempted to seize control of government buildings in north and central Italy. the king decided to side with Mussolini On the 30th of October Mussolini arrived in Rome to talk with the king -
General strike from socialist and communists
The socialist and communists called a general strike, which made the middle class believe that Mussolini was the only one able to restore law and order. -
New government
the new government won a vote of confidence was able to vote in emergency powers to reform -
Nationalist joined the fascist party
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Acerbo law was passed
The acerbo law stated taht the party who won most votes in an election would automatically be given to-thirds of the seats in the parliament to make a strong government possible -
The Corfu affair
an italian official was killed in the greek island so Mussolini invaded. However the League of nations condemned this and Mussolini pulled out, but only after threats of force and receiving 50 million Lire from the greek -- it was seen as a success -
Fascist increases their representation in the parliment
after a campaign of intimidation and violence, the fascist were able to increase their representation from 7% to 66% -
Gains control over Port of Fiume
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Official treaty of friendship between Albanian and Italy
An alliance was formed between Albania (Ahmed Zog) and Italy (Mussolini) in 1926 after Mussolini had agreed to help train the Albanian army since it was on the border of Yugoslavia -- Zog took power in 1924 and Mussolini started there to help, but it wasn't until 1926 that the treaty was official -
All men becomes allowed to vote
Until 1930, voting was limited to wealthy elites (rich men) which meant that the upper and middle class dominated society, however in 1930 all men were given the right to vote -
The four power pact or the quadripartite pact
It set out that smaller nations should have less say in “great power” relations unlike their role in the League of Nations. Britain, France, Germany and Italy signed the agreement although the French parliament never ratified it -
Italy joins the Anti-comintern pact
between germany, japan and italy - directly against communism -
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Invasion of Abyssinia
A key turning point in Italian foreign policy was the invasion of the Abyssinia in 1935 to 1936. Though it had consequences by the League of Nations it was seen as a success because it led to a surge of nationalist feeling and positivity in Italy and this encouraged Mussolini to further acts of aggression -
Italy leaves the league of nations
after joining the axis powers and or anti-comintern pact, Italy left the league of nations -
The pact of steel
The Pact of Steel. was signed between Germany and Italy. it was a formal alliance. It meant that Italy and Germany would support each other in the event of a war.