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History of Special Education
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Watson vs. City of Cambridge
The earliest reports of students with disabilities that were treated unfair occurred in 1893 in Cambridge, MA. The Supreme Judicial Court stated that a student could be expelled if they were weak in mind, unable to take care of themselves, or a distraction to the whole class. -
Excluding "certain" students from attendance
In Ohio, the Cuyahoga County Court of Appeals gave the State Department of Education the ability to exclude certain students (students with disabilities) from the required attendance. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Although Brown v. Board of Education dealt with ending racial segregation in education, it also had an effect on special education. This case led to showing people that this applies to students with a disability in a similar way to race. -
Mills vs. Board of Education of the District of Columbia
A number of students with a variety of disabilities were rejected access to attend public schools.These students were not only denied access, but also it was not done so in a legal way. -
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973
This Act protected the rights of students with disabilities. They cannot be withheld from any federal financial assistance. There are also other different sectors that involve the preventative discrimination at work and other programs. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA)
The EAHCA allowed all public schools to receive federal funding to provide access and equal opportunity for handicapped and children with disabilities. -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
The ADA prohibits discrimination and guarantees that people with disabilities will have equal opportunity in life as everyone else whether it is in the workplace, school, or programs. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Amendments of 1997
This was passed to make some improvements to IDEA, the main one focusing on improving student performance for a quality education. -
No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act
The goal of the NCLB Act was to improve academic achievement for all students, including ones with disabilities, in public schools across America by holding school districts accountable. Reading and math scores were subjects they wanted to specifically raise up. -
Individual Education Plan (IEP)
An IEP is a personalized plan for a student with disabilities to best succeed in the classroom. It caters to their needs so that they receive an equal opportunity to learn. It is created at the school, by a team, and is reviewed at least once a year.